1 00:00:03,203 --> 00:00:05,872 JANE: Tonight we're going to take you on a trip around the world, 2 00:00:05,939 --> 00:00:09,442 an adventure the likes of which you've never experienced before. 3 00:00:09,509 --> 00:00:11,344 Live and in real time. 4 00:00:11,411 --> 00:00:13,346 We'll take you to exotic places 5 00:00:13,413 --> 00:00:16,683 to show you man and woman-eating bull sharks. 6 00:00:16,750 --> 00:00:17,984 Take this as a warning. 7 00:00:18,051 --> 00:00:19,853 Tonight, some animals will be dining 8 00:00:19,919 --> 00:00:21,688 and others will be dinner. 9 00:00:22,088 --> 00:00:24,691 Monkey business in a city in Northern India. 10 00:00:24,758 --> 00:00:28,028 Pursuing the elusive ocelot in the middle of South America. 11 00:00:28,361 --> 00:00:30,663 Cheering for the weaver ants in Australia 12 00:00:30,730 --> 00:00:32,565 to finish building their winter home. 13 00:00:32,632 --> 00:00:35,935 Up close to the ferocious hyenas in Africa. 14 00:00:36,002 --> 00:00:39,706 We've assembled the dream team of award-winning cinematographers. 15 00:00:39,773 --> 00:00:41,708 Africa expert Bob Poole. 16 00:00:41,775 --> 00:00:43,710 The world's number one shark cameraman, 17 00:00:43,777 --> 00:00:45,345 Andy Casagrande. 18 00:00:45,412 --> 00:00:49,315 She's filmed lions for over two decades, Sophie Darlington. 19 00:00:49,382 --> 00:00:53,353 National Geographic Society explorer, Sandesh Kadur. 20 00:00:53,420 --> 00:00:57,657 And 20 years leading expeditions around the world, Steve Winter. 21 00:00:57,724 --> 00:01:00,927 Fifty-seven state of the art cameras, 28 locations, 22 00:01:00,994 --> 00:01:04,164 and 17 countries on six continents. 23 00:01:04,230 --> 00:01:07,734 Tonight, expect the unexpected on Earth Live. 24 00:01:17,077 --> 00:01:19,879 In a way only National Geographic can, 25 00:01:19,946 --> 00:01:21,481 tonight we invite you to celebrate 26 00:01:21,548 --> 00:01:25,452 the truly astonishing diversity of life on this planet. 27 00:01:25,518 --> 00:01:27,220 Fact is, we're just one species on Earth 28 00:01:27,287 --> 00:01:30,423 but we share it with up to ten million other species. 29 00:01:30,490 --> 00:01:33,226 And for once, it's not about us. 30 00:01:33,293 --> 00:01:34,661 It's all about them. 31 00:01:34,727 --> 00:01:38,064 So for the next two hours, we will enter their worlds 32 00:01:38,131 --> 00:01:40,500 to better understand the home we all share, 33 00:01:40,567 --> 00:01:42,302 and I'm your host, Jane Lynch. 34 00:01:42,368 --> 00:01:45,805 So happy to share the honors with the man who's been to over 100 countries. 35 00:01:45,872 --> 00:01:48,408 Who's bet-- Who's bet-- better to lead our expedition 36 00:01:48,475 --> 00:01:51,511 than The Amazing Race's amazing Phil Keoghan? 37 00:01:51,578 --> 00:01:53,713 PHIL: Jane, I'm really excited to be here with you tonight. 38 00:01:53,780 --> 00:01:56,783 We are live in New York. This is our headquarters. 39 00:01:56,850 --> 00:01:58,585 And we are live all over the world 40 00:01:58,651 --> 00:02:01,788 with wild animals in their natural habitats. 41 00:02:01,855 --> 00:02:04,257 And what we're doing, it's unprecedented and it's so exciting. 42 00:02:04,324 --> 00:02:06,926 JANE: Yes, and for the first time, we're going to be up close and personal 43 00:02:06,993 --> 00:02:09,062 with some extraordinary creatures. 44 00:02:09,129 --> 00:02:11,231 Speaking of which, extraordinary creatures, 45 00:02:11,297 --> 00:02:13,633 we're joined with our resident expert on all creatures 46 00:02:13,700 --> 00:02:16,236 with four legs, six legs, wings, fins, tails, 47 00:02:16,302 --> 00:02:18,238 our zoologist, Chris Packham. 48 00:02:18,304 --> 00:02:19,772 CHRIS: Jane, thank you very much, indeed. 49 00:02:19,839 --> 00:02:22,308 And thank you both for this invitation to cross the Atlantic 50 00:02:22,375 --> 00:02:25,845 and join in this live TV safari. 51 00:02:25,912 --> 00:02:27,747 Tonight is going to be a great night 52 00:02:27,814 --> 00:02:30,884 because tonight the animals take over the Earth. 53 00:02:30,950 --> 00:02:32,418 And that's just how it should be. 54 00:02:32,485 --> 00:02:33,453 LYNCH (off screen): I love it. 55 00:02:33,520 --> 00:02:35,588 Now, a word about how this is going to work tonight. 56 00:02:35,655 --> 00:02:36,890 -PHIL: Yeah. -JANE: We don't know 57 00:02:36,956 --> 00:02:38,057 how this is going to work tonight. 58 00:02:38,124 --> 00:02:40,193 It's never been tried before on this scale. 59 00:02:40,260 --> 00:02:42,395 And because we're live, be prepared for interruptions, 60 00:02:42,462 --> 00:02:45,899 because at any moment, we could switch to the action in another location. 61 00:02:45,965 --> 00:02:47,100 PHIL: And you know what's so cool? 62 00:02:47,167 --> 00:02:49,369 We can go anywhere in the world just like that. 63 00:02:49,435 --> 00:02:51,771 And so right out of the gate, we're gonna travel 64 00:02:51,838 --> 00:02:55,575 8,000 miles across the South Pacific 65 00:02:55,642 --> 00:02:58,144 to the beautiful waters surrounding Fiji, 66 00:02:58,211 --> 00:02:59,379 and here we're gonna meet 67 00:02:59,445 --> 00:03:03,283 some of the most feared animals on the planet. 68 00:03:08,821 --> 00:03:09,923 Sharks. 69 00:03:13,726 --> 00:03:17,463 In Fiji's waters, one stands out in striking fear 70 00:03:17,530 --> 00:03:20,433 into the hearts of swimmers, divers, and fishermen. 71 00:03:20,500 --> 00:03:24,103 The ancient killing machine, the bull shark. 72 00:03:24,170 --> 00:03:27,707 Pound for pound, they bite with more force than a great white, 73 00:03:27,774 --> 00:03:30,643 more than twice the force needed to crush a human skull. 74 00:03:32,545 --> 00:03:35,815 The bull shark can take its terror where others can't, 75 00:03:35,882 --> 00:03:39,686 into fresh water estuaries and rivers in pursuit of its prey. 76 00:03:40,987 --> 00:03:43,423 What happens when unprotected, 77 00:03:43,489 --> 00:03:46,292 we go face to face with the bull shark? 78 00:03:50,363 --> 00:03:52,865 Ooh! That bull shark, they are so scary, 79 00:03:52,932 --> 00:03:55,201 but we're gonna get close with them right now. 80 00:03:55,268 --> 00:03:58,938 Andy Casagrande is 80 feet below the surface. 81 00:03:59,005 --> 00:04:00,707 (rebreather hissing) 82 00:04:03,343 --> 00:04:05,511 ANDY (off screen): What's up, New York City? 83 00:04:05,578 --> 00:04:09,983 We're here in Fiji 80 feet down on this incredible reef, 84 00:04:10,516 --> 00:04:13,486 and we're surrounded by thousands and thousands of fish, 85 00:04:14,153 --> 00:04:17,390 and in amongst these fish, we got lots of sharks. 86 00:04:18,091 --> 00:04:21,160 But not just any sharks. We've got bull sharks. 87 00:04:22,128 --> 00:04:25,198 These sharks are known to be some of the most highly aggressive, 88 00:04:25,898 --> 00:04:28,901 unpredictable predators on the planet 89 00:04:29,736 --> 00:04:32,805 and to me, they're some of my favorites. 90 00:04:39,412 --> 00:04:41,414 PHIL: You know what's so cool is that 91 00:04:41,481 --> 00:04:43,816 -we can be live here, Jane... -JANE: Yeah, mm-hmm. 92 00:04:43,883 --> 00:04:44,951 PHIL: ...and we can just cross. 93 00:04:45,018 --> 00:04:46,519 That is live in Fiji. 94 00:04:46,586 --> 00:04:49,989 I mean, it takes months and years to make documentary films 95 00:04:50,056 --> 00:04:51,624 about wildlife, and we are doing it live. 96 00:04:51,691 --> 00:04:53,192 JANE: And he's not wearing any protection, either... 97 00:04:53,259 --> 00:04:55,762 PHIL: No protection with those big bull sharks. 98 00:04:55,828 --> 00:04:57,864 Yeah, so, Andy, you just hang on there, 99 00:04:57,930 --> 00:05:00,099 and we'll get back to you and the bull sharks soon. 100 00:05:00,166 --> 00:05:03,002 JANE: Yes, and, Phil, I understand you have some experience feeding sharks. 101 00:05:03,069 --> 00:05:05,071 -Tell us the story. -PHIL: Well, I have fed some sharks... 102 00:05:05,138 --> 00:05:06,272 -JANE: Mm-hmm. -PHIL: ...and a few years ago, 103 00:05:06,339 --> 00:05:09,575 I decided to renew my vows with my wife underwater 104 00:05:09,642 --> 00:05:11,411 -and guess who turned up? -JANE: Some sharks. 105 00:05:11,477 --> 00:05:12,412 -PHIL: Some sharks turned up. -JANE: Uninvited. 106 00:05:12,478 --> 00:05:13,813 PHIL: Uninvited sharks. 107 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:14,947 -JANE: Yeah, that's amazing. -PHIL: Yeah. 108 00:05:15,014 --> 00:05:18,318 PHIL: We are gonna go to Kenya now, and our guide is Sophie Darlington. 109 00:05:18,384 --> 00:05:21,521 Sophie's been tracking and filming big cats 110 00:05:21,587 --> 00:05:23,523 for nearly 30 years. 111 00:05:24,023 --> 00:05:26,092 JANE: Now, everything can change in a second. 112 00:05:26,159 --> 00:05:29,062 So we'll be monitoring, uh, this wonderful area of the country, 113 00:05:29,128 --> 00:05:30,863 but let's go to Sophie now. 114 00:05:34,600 --> 00:05:36,369 SOPHIE (off screen): This is... (chuckles) 115 00:05:36,436 --> 00:05:39,138 You can't help. It's amazing. We have just found these. 116 00:05:39,205 --> 00:05:41,174 It's the first time they've ever been seen 117 00:05:41,240 --> 00:05:43,009 as far as we know by anyone. 118 00:05:43,576 --> 00:05:45,778 Um, this mum, we followed a mom back, 119 00:05:46,245 --> 00:05:48,281 and she's suckling them and they are... 120 00:05:49,515 --> 00:05:50,783 ...beyond cute. 121 00:05:50,850 --> 00:05:53,353 They're just... They're, they're bullying her. 122 00:05:53,419 --> 00:05:55,855 They're biting her to pieces. (chuckles) 123 00:05:58,157 --> 00:05:59,959 There is something about lion cubs, uh, 124 00:06:00,026 --> 00:06:02,328 it just makes my heart melt. 125 00:06:02,395 --> 00:06:05,064 I think anybody. How could you not melt at that? 126 00:06:05,932 --> 00:06:08,634 Think they're about three, four weeks old. 127 00:06:08,701 --> 00:06:11,704 So they're just getting, like, mobile. 128 00:06:21,948 --> 00:06:23,683 Except they're not trampolining now. 129 00:06:24,984 --> 00:06:26,386 (chuckles) 130 00:06:28,054 --> 00:06:30,356 So I'm not gonna say it. 'Cause they're suckling away. 131 00:06:30,423 --> 00:06:32,425 Look at them. She's been away for, I don't know, 132 00:06:32,492 --> 00:06:34,026 she's been away for a couple of hours, 133 00:06:34,093 --> 00:06:35,995 and they're so happy to see her 134 00:06:36,062 --> 00:06:38,030 and they'll just trample all over her, 135 00:06:38,097 --> 00:06:40,066 just using her as a big bouncy castle. 136 00:06:47,206 --> 00:06:49,642 It's the first time anyone's seen these cubs, 137 00:06:49,709 --> 00:06:51,010 and it's such a treat. 138 00:06:51,077 --> 00:06:53,746 I cannot tell you. So few a time, 139 00:06:53,813 --> 00:06:55,982 you really rarely get to see them, 140 00:06:56,048 --> 00:06:59,652 um, and to see them right now is such a privilege. 141 00:06:59,719 --> 00:07:02,555 I can't-- Oh. It's just beautiful. 142 00:07:05,992 --> 00:07:07,727 Back to you, studio. 143 00:07:08,661 --> 00:07:09,695 Ooh, off you go. 144 00:07:09,762 --> 00:07:12,331 JANE: That is delicious. That was so sweet. 145 00:07:12,398 --> 00:07:15,735 And, of course, we'll be keeping tabs on Sophie in the Maasai. 146 00:07:15,802 --> 00:07:18,237 We'll have live camera feeds, and we'll take you back there, 147 00:07:18,304 --> 00:07:20,006 uh, the moment something happens. 148 00:07:20,072 --> 00:07:22,675 PHIL: You know what? I think we should go live back here to the United States 149 00:07:23,176 --> 00:07:24,744 to the US Pacific Northwest 150 00:07:24,811 --> 00:07:27,980 and the high desert near Malheur County, Oregon. 151 00:07:28,047 --> 00:07:30,249 It's right on the Idaho border. 152 00:07:30,316 --> 00:07:33,119 It's late afternoon, and it is feeding time 153 00:07:33,186 --> 00:07:36,656 for a hungry feathered hunter, a hunter. 154 00:07:36,722 --> 00:07:40,159 JANE: We have Widow. She's a 13-year-old golden eagle 155 00:07:40,226 --> 00:07:42,829 and today she is outfitted with a live broadcast camera... 156 00:07:42,895 --> 00:07:46,265 -PHIL: Look at that. -JANE: ...a transmitter, GPS. 157 00:07:46,332 --> 00:07:48,568 Chris, does carrying this equipment hurt the bird? 158 00:07:48,634 --> 00:07:51,270 -It's minuscule, right? It's small. -CHRIS: No, it, it doesn't, Jane. 159 00:07:51,337 --> 00:07:54,607 These are robust, large birds that weigh many pounds, 160 00:07:54,674 --> 00:07:56,642 and the equipment that we've given her this afternoon 161 00:07:56,709 --> 00:07:58,277 just weighs a few ounces. 162 00:07:58,344 --> 00:08:00,480 But it's well worth her carrying this equipment. 163 00:08:00,546 --> 00:08:02,915 It gives us an eagle's eye view of Oregon. 164 00:08:02,982 --> 00:08:05,718 And also, the GPS tracking device that she's got there 165 00:08:05,785 --> 00:08:07,887 will tell us a lot about the way she hunts. 166 00:08:07,954 --> 00:08:09,655 We'll learn more about their behavior. 167 00:08:09,722 --> 00:08:12,291 And in many parts of the world, these birds need conserving 168 00:08:12,358 --> 00:08:13,860 and that we can only conserve them 169 00:08:13,926 --> 00:08:15,661 -if we know a lot about them. -PHIL (off screen): I love that. 170 00:08:15,728 --> 00:08:19,365 We've got a live point of view on top of Widow there, flying 171 00:08:19,432 --> 00:08:20,299 Unbelievable. 172 00:08:20,366 --> 00:08:21,801 JANE: Well, we'll be back with Widow 173 00:08:21,868 --> 00:08:24,003 when she's, uh, reached cruising altitude. 174 00:08:24,070 --> 00:08:26,339 But now, we're gonna go live to Brazil, 175 00:08:26,405 --> 00:08:28,341 the Pantanal Conservation Area, 176 00:08:28,407 --> 00:08:30,276 the world's largest tropical wetland, 177 00:08:30,343 --> 00:08:32,712 smack in the middle of South America. 178 00:08:32,778 --> 00:08:35,414 PHIL: And that's where we're gonna find Steve Winter. 179 00:08:35,481 --> 00:08:37,650 He's spent his career photographing big cats 180 00:08:37,717 --> 00:08:41,153 all over the world, including the elusive ocelot. 181 00:08:41,220 --> 00:08:43,789 They're very difficult to find in the world. 182 00:08:45,691 --> 00:08:48,861 STEVE (off screen): Oh, you know, it's one of the most unique experiences 183 00:08:48,928 --> 00:08:52,064 in my 20-plus years working with big cats. 184 00:08:52,131 --> 00:08:56,135 I can't believe that we're actually seeing this live on camera, 185 00:08:56,202 --> 00:08:59,405 because I've hardly ever seen it in 20 years, 186 00:08:59,472 --> 00:09:00,806 and she's just there. 187 00:09:01,407 --> 00:09:04,810 I mean, to see that beautiful face, those stripes coming out of her eyes. 188 00:09:04,877 --> 00:09:06,846 And look at the camouflage. 189 00:09:06,913 --> 00:09:10,816 I mean, she's got the rosettes and spots that make her unique. 190 00:09:10,883 --> 00:09:13,953 They're like our fingerprint, no two are alike. 191 00:09:16,155 --> 00:09:18,391 And, you know, the moonlight camera gives us 192 00:09:18,457 --> 00:09:20,993 the opportunity to see this perfectly. 193 00:09:21,060 --> 00:09:24,030 I can film all the action in pure color. 194 00:09:24,096 --> 00:09:26,532 It's incredible, bar none. 195 00:09:26,599 --> 00:09:27,667 Look at her. 196 00:09:30,970 --> 00:09:32,305 Just like a gymnast. 197 00:09:32,371 --> 00:09:36,609 I mean, many cats are powerful, but she is graceful. 198 00:09:37,910 --> 00:09:41,647 So we're back to the studio. This is great. 199 00:09:41,714 --> 00:09:46,218 All right, we'll see you soon. We're gonna keep filming. 200 00:09:47,186 --> 00:09:48,888 There she goes. 201 00:09:48,955 --> 00:09:50,890 PHIL: You Just got to love new technology. 202 00:09:50,957 --> 00:09:52,992 I mean, that is moonlight, and we can see. 203 00:09:53,059 --> 00:09:56,128 We have 58 cameras, they're scattered all over the world, 204 00:09:56,195 --> 00:09:59,365 and here's what we're seeing from a few of them. 205 00:09:59,432 --> 00:10:01,133 CHRIS: Okay, let's jump around the world. 206 00:10:01,200 --> 00:10:02,602 Remarkable opportunity here. 207 00:10:02,668 --> 00:10:06,572 In Pennsylvania, a couple of white-tailed deer out in the woods. 208 00:10:06,639 --> 00:10:10,176 You can see they're growing their new antlers there at the moment. 209 00:10:10,910 --> 00:10:13,846 Fantastic view this evening of these animals. 210 00:10:13,913 --> 00:10:16,616 Let's jump to Poland. All the way across in Europe. 211 00:10:16,682 --> 00:10:19,685 To the primal forest, the Białowieża Forest there, 212 00:10:19,752 --> 00:10:21,420 and these are red deer. 213 00:10:21,487 --> 00:10:24,757 Their antlers have already grown much larger, as you can see. 214 00:10:25,391 --> 00:10:29,395 And here in Romania, brown bears. 215 00:10:29,895 --> 00:10:31,897 And they have come in to a site here 216 00:10:31,964 --> 00:10:34,600 to find some food that's been put out for them. 217 00:10:34,667 --> 00:10:37,937 What an extraordinary opportunity to leapfrog about, 218 00:10:38,004 --> 00:10:41,140 looking at these animals which otherwise are so difficult to see. 219 00:10:41,207 --> 00:10:44,710 Well, apart from this one, because this is a little wood mouse. 220 00:10:44,777 --> 00:10:45,945 It's in England. 221 00:10:46,012 --> 00:10:49,181 And I've got to tell you guys that I share my house with these. 222 00:10:49,248 --> 00:10:51,384 I live in an old thatch in the middle of the forest, 223 00:10:51,450 --> 00:10:54,487 and I got these guys scampering around on the roof above me. 224 00:10:54,553 --> 00:10:56,589 Massive ears, massive eyes. 225 00:10:56,656 --> 00:10:59,825 They're nocturnal animals and very common throughout Europe. 226 00:10:59,892 --> 00:11:01,727 JANE: Well, that's wonderful, because we're going from England 227 00:11:01,794 --> 00:11:03,796 now back to Fiji, known for gorgeous beaches, 228 00:11:03,863 --> 00:11:06,365 romantic getaways, and sharks. 229 00:11:06,432 --> 00:11:10,670 PHIL: And Andy Casagrande, who is still underwater with the sharks. 230 00:11:10,736 --> 00:11:12,038 Let's go back there now. 231 00:11:15,775 --> 00:11:18,044 ANDY (off screen): Well, these sharks are getting really amped up here. 232 00:11:18,511 --> 00:11:21,313 I got my local Fiji boy here feeding these guys, 233 00:11:21,747 --> 00:11:23,683 and these bull sharks are incredible. 234 00:11:24,483 --> 00:11:26,419 You guys might think this is crazy. 235 00:11:26,485 --> 00:11:29,255 We got no tanks, no chain mail, 236 00:11:29,321 --> 00:11:30,956 essentially no protection, 237 00:11:31,457 --> 00:11:34,560 but I would argue you guys are in more danger in New York City 238 00:11:35,161 --> 00:11:37,463 than I am down here with these sharks. 239 00:11:46,172 --> 00:11:49,241 JANE: Well, the good news is, those sharks went for the fish and not for Andy. 240 00:11:49,308 --> 00:11:51,210 And hopefully they're not saving him for dessert. 241 00:11:51,277 --> 00:11:52,445 PHIL: Did you hear what he said? 242 00:11:52,511 --> 00:11:55,414 BOTH: We are in more danger here in New York City. 243 00:11:55,481 --> 00:11:58,117 -JANE: Uh, I don't know about that. -PHIL: Well, oh, wow. 244 00:11:58,184 --> 00:12:02,088 Chris, I'm, i-it's a little controversial feeding sharks by hand, right? 245 00:12:02,154 --> 00:12:03,789 I mean, there's some people who disagree with that. 246 00:12:03,856 --> 00:12:06,325 CHRIS: Yeah, it is. I mean, what we don't want to do 247 00:12:06,392 --> 00:12:09,395 is for the sharks to associate humans with food 248 00:12:09,462 --> 00:12:12,198 because they might then think of humans as food. 249 00:12:12,264 --> 00:12:16,001 But, at the same time, Phil, as you know, ecotourism is really important, 250 00:12:16,068 --> 00:12:17,603 and one of the things we're trying to do 251 00:12:17,670 --> 00:12:20,039 is redress the reputation of these animals. 252 00:12:20,106 --> 00:12:21,774 They're feared across the world, 253 00:12:21,841 --> 00:12:25,111 but they're intrinsically important in our marine ecosystems. 254 00:12:25,177 --> 00:12:27,646 The world, frankly, can't live without sharks, 255 00:12:27,713 --> 00:12:30,850 and these sorts of encounters spread the word that they're good news. 256 00:12:30,916 --> 00:12:32,184 JANE: You've got , you've got something in your hand. 257 00:12:32,251 --> 00:12:34,120 CHRIS: Yeah, I have got to show you guys this. 258 00:12:34,186 --> 00:12:36,622 Look. This is what the bull sharks are armed with. 259 00:12:36,689 --> 00:12:37,556 -JANE: Holy cow. -CHRIS: This is what 260 00:12:37,623 --> 00:12:39,191 Andy is mixing himself up with. 261 00:12:39,258 --> 00:12:41,393 This would come from a shark about the same size 262 00:12:41,460 --> 00:12:43,562 as those that we see swimming around there. 263 00:12:43,629 --> 00:12:45,197 These are the jaws, and look at the teeth, Jane. 264 00:12:45,264 --> 00:12:47,533 These at the bottom here are like little pegs. 265 00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:50,369 They're for gripping hold of the slippery fish that they catch, 266 00:12:50,436 --> 00:12:52,271 and they then grip them with a force 267 00:12:52,338 --> 00:12:55,741 of 1,349 pounds of pressure. 268 00:12:55,808 --> 00:12:58,511 The top ones, look, Phil, are serrated 269 00:12:58,577 --> 00:13:00,012 because once they've them in their grip, 270 00:13:00,079 --> 00:13:02,648 they shake them vigorously to cut the fish up 271 00:13:02,715 --> 00:13:03,849 so they can swallow them. 272 00:13:03,916 --> 00:13:06,418 -PHIL: And a lot of new teeth coming in. -CHRIS: Yeah, I mean, look at this. 273 00:13:06,485 --> 00:13:08,487 You see, they've always got a full set of teeth. 274 00:13:08,554 --> 00:13:11,824 Folded up behind are perhaps four or five more. 275 00:13:11,891 --> 00:13:14,527 So when one breaks out, within a few days, 276 00:13:14,593 --> 00:13:16,562 the next one will fold forward. 277 00:13:16,629 --> 00:13:18,497 Rest assured that when a shark attacks, 278 00:13:18,564 --> 00:13:21,000 it's always got a full set of sharp teeth. 279 00:13:21,066 --> 00:13:22,168 JANE: Oh, that's amazing. 280 00:13:22,234 --> 00:13:24,670 Well, while we are taking you around the world, 281 00:13:24,737 --> 00:13:26,172 we want to know what you're thinking, too. 282 00:13:26,238 --> 00:13:28,207 Reach out to us with your comments and your questions 283 00:13:28,274 --> 00:13:32,478 on social media using the hashtag #EarthLive. 284 00:13:33,646 --> 00:13:35,748 PHIL: Yeah, we're gonna be heading back to Eddy, 285 00:13:35,815 --> 00:13:37,082 Andy Casagrande. 286 00:13:37,149 --> 00:13:38,584 He has a limited amount of air. 287 00:13:38,651 --> 00:13:41,620 Uh, with some, he's with some very hungry sharks. 288 00:13:41,687 --> 00:13:45,224 JANE: And we are watching lions across the Maasai Mara. 289 00:13:45,291 --> 00:13:47,426 Which one of them will go in for the kill? 290 00:13:47,493 --> 00:13:49,261 -Look. There's three right now. -PHIL: Beautiful. 291 00:13:49,328 --> 00:13:50,629 And how about this? 292 00:13:50,696 --> 00:13:53,365 20 million inhabitants of this cave 293 00:13:53,432 --> 00:13:58,037 explode out in an incredible bat stampede. 294 00:13:58,103 --> 00:14:00,039 You're watching Earth Live. 295 00:14:13,319 --> 00:14:16,255 JANE: Well, it's nighttime in Kenya's Maasai Mara 296 00:14:16,322 --> 00:14:20,893 seen in this stunning image of an elephant on a thermal camera. 297 00:14:23,929 --> 00:14:25,631 Watch him for a little bit. 298 00:14:25,698 --> 00:14:26,765 Just gorgeous. 299 00:14:26,832 --> 00:14:27,800 (chuckling) Oh! 300 00:14:27,867 --> 00:14:29,335 -PHIL: Oh, hello. -JANE: Hello. 301 00:14:29,401 --> 00:14:30,536 -(Phil chuckles) -JANE: My goodness. 302 00:14:30,603 --> 00:14:31,737 Welcome back to Earth Live 303 00:14:31,804 --> 00:14:34,673 an unprecedented live global TV event. 304 00:14:34,740 --> 00:14:36,609 We're broadcasting from New York City, 305 00:14:36,675 --> 00:14:40,012 but our 58 remote cameras are at 25 locations 306 00:14:40,079 --> 00:14:43,515 on six continents across 12 time zones, 307 00:14:43,582 --> 00:14:46,852 bringing you incredible animal encounters live. 308 00:14:46,919 --> 00:14:48,654 -Right, Phil? -PHIL: Yeah, I love it. 309 00:14:48,721 --> 00:14:50,189 And we're gonna go right back to Fiji. 310 00:14:50,256 --> 00:14:51,824 Andy Casagrande is down there. 311 00:14:51,891 --> 00:14:53,492 We don't want him to run out of air. 312 00:14:53,559 --> 00:14:55,861 And he's still surrounded by the bull sharks. 313 00:14:59,031 --> 00:15:01,567 ANDY (off screen): Yeah, these sharks are getting super amped up here. 314 00:15:01,634 --> 00:15:05,037 The entire ocean has just exploded in this massive ball 315 00:15:05,104 --> 00:15:08,240 of energy and excitement, and it's just incredible. 316 00:15:08,941 --> 00:15:11,744 I've been super lucky to film sharks all over the world 317 00:15:11,810 --> 00:15:13,212 for the past two decades. 318 00:15:13,679 --> 00:15:16,849 And I got to say, this is one of the sharkiest dives you can do 319 00:15:17,383 --> 00:15:19,618 and one of the most beautiful places to film. 320 00:15:20,219 --> 00:15:23,022 But at the same time, I also got to say 321 00:15:23,088 --> 00:15:25,991 these spectacles are becoming increasingly rare. 322 00:15:26,659 --> 00:15:30,162 Sharks are under heavy pressure by overfishing and shark finning. 323 00:15:30,896 --> 00:15:33,198 And in my opinion, a world without sharks 324 00:15:33,666 --> 00:15:35,634 is not a world worth living in. 325 00:15:35,701 --> 00:15:39,405 We really need to rethink the shark, protect these animals. 326 00:15:39,905 --> 00:15:41,874 They're the protectors of our oceans, 327 00:15:42,308 --> 00:15:45,044 and we literally need to save sharks. 328 00:15:46,512 --> 00:15:50,049 PHIL: Andy, the images that we're seeing are extraordinary. 329 00:15:50,115 --> 00:15:52,384 Are you scared right now? They're so big. 330 00:15:55,154 --> 00:15:57,456 ANDY: You know, I've been doing this for so long, 331 00:15:58,190 --> 00:16:00,826 I'm not scared. These guys are not the enemy. 332 00:16:01,293 --> 00:16:05,097 Sharks are the protectors of the ocean, and we need to respect them. 333 00:16:05,698 --> 00:16:08,901 And to be honest, I'm more scared of people than sharks, 334 00:16:09,268 --> 00:16:10,736 because they're way more dangerous. 335 00:16:10,803 --> 00:16:11,870 PHIL: Aw, thank you so much, Andy, 336 00:16:11,937 --> 00:16:14,373 and please get to the surface before you run out of air 337 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:17,710 and thank you for absolutely spectacular images. 338 00:16:17,776 --> 00:16:19,645 JANE: Thank you for the, to the sharks, too. 339 00:16:19,712 --> 00:16:22,181 -PHIL: Yeah, we should thank them, right? -JANE: Yeah, just wonderful. 340 00:16:22,247 --> 00:16:24,750 Well, it's a perfect day for Earth Live, and let me tell you why. 341 00:16:24,817 --> 00:16:27,619 Summer brings more direct sunlight in the northern hemisphere, 342 00:16:27,686 --> 00:16:29,388 which means solar energy 343 00:16:29,455 --> 00:16:32,758 and consequently a huge increase in available food. 344 00:16:32,825 --> 00:16:35,928 These conditions trigger behaviors in many species. 345 00:16:35,995 --> 00:16:37,096 For example, in New York, 346 00:16:37,162 --> 00:16:40,366 the summer heat makes many human species leave the city 347 00:16:40,432 --> 00:16:42,434 and migrate to the beach in Mexico. 348 00:16:43,002 --> 00:16:47,639 Female free-tailed bats fly north to Texas to give birth. 349 00:16:47,706 --> 00:16:49,274 And for more about bats, 350 00:16:49,341 --> 00:16:52,077 Chris Packham takes us inside the beast. 351 00:16:53,178 --> 00:16:55,280 CHRIS: Just look at this dizzying display here. 352 00:16:55,347 --> 00:16:58,283 It feels like I'm in the core of the bat-nado. 353 00:16:58,350 --> 00:17:00,786 And what about this fascinating species? What about some stats? 354 00:17:00,853 --> 00:17:04,256 Well, firstly, how big are they? They're five inches in length. 355 00:17:04,323 --> 00:17:07,493 And how much they weigh? They weigh in at about half an ounce. 356 00:17:07,559 --> 00:17:09,528 Now, if each bat at Bracken Cave 357 00:17:09,595 --> 00:17:11,830 ate their own bodyweight in a single night, 358 00:17:11,897 --> 00:17:16,635 they would consume more than 250 tons of flying insects. 359 00:17:16,702 --> 00:17:19,471 They can live up to 11 years, 360 00:17:19,538 --> 00:17:22,408 and they can also reach a maximum flying altitude 361 00:17:22,474 --> 00:17:24,810 of 10,000 feet. 362 00:17:24,877 --> 00:17:27,279 They'll also go for a long way for a good meal. 363 00:17:27,346 --> 00:17:30,082 We think that these bats that are emerging from Bracken tonight 364 00:17:30,149 --> 00:17:32,618 might complete a 100-mile round trip 365 00:17:32,684 --> 00:17:35,721 to source all of their flying insect prey. 366 00:17:35,788 --> 00:17:37,523 The world population of the species, 367 00:17:37,589 --> 00:17:40,793 in the region of 100 million bats. 368 00:17:40,859 --> 00:17:43,462 So that's one Mexican free-tailed bat 369 00:17:43,529 --> 00:17:46,732 for every 70 humans on Earth, and this makes them 370 00:17:46,799 --> 00:17:49,601 one of the most numerous mammals on the planet. 371 00:17:49,668 --> 00:17:53,238 And finally, they have a remarkable top speed 372 00:17:53,305 --> 00:17:56,275 of 100 miles an hour. 373 00:17:56,341 --> 00:17:58,777 That outstrips even the swiftest of the birds 374 00:17:58,844 --> 00:18:00,579 in powered level flight. 375 00:18:00,646 --> 00:18:02,247 100 miles an hour. 376 00:18:02,314 --> 00:18:05,851 Jane, Phil, I bet you didn't think that bats could fly that fast. 377 00:18:05,918 --> 00:18:06,885 PHIL (off screen): No, I had no idea. 378 00:18:06,952 --> 00:18:08,253 And, uh, these bats, 379 00:18:08,320 --> 00:18:11,223 they're coming out of a cave right now 380 00:18:11,290 --> 00:18:14,593 and we've captured them as they were coming out of the cave 381 00:18:14,660 --> 00:18:16,061 just a few moments ago. 382 00:18:16,128 --> 00:18:18,897 And we are talking about millions of bats 383 00:18:18,964 --> 00:18:21,133 coming out of a cave, the Bracken Cave. 384 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:24,536 Uh, these... this cave is down in San Antonio. 385 00:18:24,603 --> 00:18:28,173 And how extraordinary for us to be able to see this, Chris, 386 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:31,310 right now as these bats are coming out to feed. 387 00:18:31,376 --> 00:18:33,011 CHRIS: Yeah, these are probably the young ones. 388 00:18:33,078 --> 00:18:36,181 The females came here in the spring, as you said, Jane. 389 00:18:36,248 --> 00:18:38,217 They've given birth, and over the last few weeks, 390 00:18:38,283 --> 00:18:40,786 the youngsters have been growing to the point that they can fly, 391 00:18:40,853 --> 00:18:43,922 and normally the first bats to emerge early in the evening 392 00:18:43,989 --> 00:18:46,058 are these juvenile bats. 393 00:18:46,125 --> 00:18:47,993 And they're swirling around here 394 00:18:48,060 --> 00:18:49,862 in the entrance to the cave. 395 00:18:50,395 --> 00:18:52,698 Let's just have a listen. Let's see if we can hear them. 396 00:18:52,764 --> 00:18:56,902 (bats squeaking) 397 00:18:56,969 --> 00:19:00,105 CHRIS: It's just like a soft wind blowing through the trees. 398 00:19:00,172 --> 00:19:01,473 PHIL: And they're missing each other, Chris. 399 00:19:01,540 --> 00:19:03,642 -That's what I love about this-- -JANE: They're not flying into each other. 400 00:19:03,709 --> 00:19:07,079 PHIL: And my understanding is they, they come out in waves 401 00:19:07,146 --> 00:19:09,148 so it, it's not like they can all come out together. 402 00:19:09,214 --> 00:19:11,750 They come out in waves, and then it takes what, 403 00:19:11,817 --> 00:19:13,118 -a couple of hours? -CHRIS: Yeah, couple of hours 404 00:19:13,185 --> 00:19:14,386 for them to all come out. 405 00:19:14,453 --> 00:19:16,188 But you're right. They're not bumping into one another. 406 00:19:16,255 --> 00:19:18,390 There were thousands if not hundreds of thousands 407 00:19:18,457 --> 00:19:20,192 of these animals active in the air. 408 00:19:20,259 --> 00:19:22,060 They're using echolocation. 409 00:19:22,127 --> 00:19:24,730 They make high-pitched chips with their voice 410 00:19:24,796 --> 00:19:26,732 which bounce off the things in the environment, 411 00:19:26,798 --> 00:19:29,568 in this case, other bats, come back to their ears, 412 00:19:29,635 --> 00:19:32,137 and give them a complete picture of where they're flying. 413 00:19:32,204 --> 00:19:34,973 And as you can see, accidents are very infrequent. 414 00:19:35,541 --> 00:19:38,076 JANE: Well, from Texas to Ethiopia. 415 00:19:38,143 --> 00:19:40,345 (chuckles) We've been monitoring movement 416 00:19:40,412 --> 00:19:43,715 in the ancient holy city of Harar, in eastern Ethiopia, 417 00:19:43,782 --> 00:19:47,352 just a hop, skip and a jump, well, a 7,108-mile jump 418 00:19:47,419 --> 00:19:48,787 from New York City. 419 00:19:48,854 --> 00:19:51,456 PHIL: You might not know this, but Ethiopia is home 420 00:19:51,523 --> 00:19:54,526 to 70 percent of Africa's tallest mountains 421 00:19:54,593 --> 00:19:58,430 and also an extremely aggressive predator. 422 00:20:00,265 --> 00:20:03,936 Hyenas, the notorious villains of the African plains. 423 00:20:05,103 --> 00:20:06,838 They'll battle a lion for a kill... 424 00:20:08,874 --> 00:20:11,210 ...and cheat a cheetah out of the dinner. 425 00:20:12,244 --> 00:20:13,645 (hyenas yipping) 426 00:20:13,712 --> 00:20:16,248 PHIL: With a spine-chilling cackle 427 00:20:16,315 --> 00:20:19,518 and one of the strongest bites of any land mammal, 428 00:20:19,585 --> 00:20:22,187 these fierce predator scavengers 429 00:20:22,254 --> 00:20:25,924 crunch bones, hooves, and even horns. 430 00:20:26,892 --> 00:20:29,995 But what happens when they come into contact with people? 431 00:20:32,631 --> 00:20:36,168 Well, Bob Poole is a world-renowned wildlife cinematographer, 432 00:20:36,235 --> 00:20:40,606 and clearly you can see right now he has got some company. 433 00:20:43,942 --> 00:20:46,912 BOB (off screen): Ah! This is absolutely nuts. 434 00:20:46,979 --> 00:20:48,780 You know, I'm surrounded by hyenas. 435 00:20:48,847 --> 00:20:50,716 Maybe 30, 40 hyenas, 436 00:20:50,782 --> 00:20:52,784 and I got to tell you, it is pitch black out here. 437 00:20:52,851 --> 00:20:56,355 Without this moonlight camera, I wouldn't be able to see anything. 438 00:20:56,421 --> 00:20:58,156 But actually, I'm not alone. 439 00:20:58,223 --> 00:21:01,560 This is Abbas right here, and he's a hyena man. 440 00:21:01,627 --> 00:21:04,663 You know, he comes from a generation of hyena men, 441 00:21:04,730 --> 00:21:09,268 and that's because the city here behind me, Harar, 442 00:21:09,334 --> 00:21:11,837 has an ancient tradition with hyenas. 443 00:21:11,903 --> 00:21:16,575 In fact, they believe that hyenas ward off evil spirits. 444 00:21:16,642 --> 00:21:19,111 I don't know, though. For me, this all seems a bit nuts, 445 00:21:19,177 --> 00:21:20,779 because I grew up in Kenya, 446 00:21:20,846 --> 00:21:24,583 and you wouldn't think about getting out on foot in the dark 447 00:21:24,650 --> 00:21:26,318 surrounded by hyenas for anything. 448 00:21:26,818 --> 00:21:29,755 It's just absolutely crazy. 449 00:21:30,522 --> 00:21:33,058 I can't believe it. I mean, when you look at these animals, 450 00:21:33,125 --> 00:21:37,262 look at the size of the jaws right there on this guy. 451 00:21:37,329 --> 00:21:38,830 On-- it's probably a female, actually. 452 00:21:38,897 --> 00:21:41,099 You know, the females are the-- and the muscles, 453 00:21:41,166 --> 00:21:44,670 The females are the big ones, but wow. 454 00:21:44,736 --> 00:21:46,738 I-- just crazy. 455 00:21:46,805 --> 00:21:47,939 I think this is sketchy. 456 00:21:48,006 --> 00:21:49,574 What do you think, New York? 457 00:21:49,641 --> 00:21:52,411 PHIL (chuckles): I think it's very, very sketchy. 458 00:21:52,477 --> 00:21:55,113 Uh, I mean, to be that close to those animals, 459 00:21:55,180 --> 00:21:57,282 if you can hear me, Bob, 460 00:21:57,349 --> 00:22:01,153 can you tell me what it is they eat when they're not being fed like this? 461 00:22:03,922 --> 00:22:06,258 BOB (off screen): (chuckles) You know, we think of hyenas 462 00:22:06,325 --> 00:22:10,162 as being scavengers, but the fact is they're very formidable predators. 463 00:22:10,228 --> 00:22:14,066 You know, like I said, look at the size of those, of those muscles 464 00:22:14,132 --> 00:22:16,268 in the shoulder and the jaw right there. 465 00:22:16,335 --> 00:22:18,470 Imagine a bunch of those things working together. 466 00:22:18,537 --> 00:22:20,639 They can pull down really big prey. 467 00:22:21,273 --> 00:22:24,009 I sure wouldn't want to be taken apart by one of these guys 468 00:22:24,076 --> 00:22:25,711 -or a pack of them. -PHIL: So powerful. 469 00:22:25,777 --> 00:22:28,347 BOB: So, when you come back to me, I'm gonna be with a wide-angle lens. 470 00:22:28,413 --> 00:22:31,283 I want to get up close and personal with these animals 471 00:22:31,850 --> 00:22:36,154 and, uh, see what it's like to have to take a hold of this opportunity 472 00:22:36,221 --> 00:22:38,890 to get some shots I've never had a chance to before. 473 00:22:38,957 --> 00:22:40,926 -PHIL: Well, thank you so much, Bob, -BOB: Back to New York. 474 00:22:40,992 --> 00:22:42,461 PHIL: And, uh, this is quite extraordinary. 475 00:22:42,527 --> 00:22:45,230 This is something that they've been doing for hundreds of years. 476 00:22:45,297 --> 00:22:47,432 It's a tradition and where these men, 477 00:22:47,499 --> 00:22:49,801 these hyena men get so close and actually feed them. 478 00:22:49,868 --> 00:22:52,504 And I just want to remind you, you would not be seeing anything 479 00:22:52,571 --> 00:22:54,439 if we were just using a regular camera. 480 00:22:54,506 --> 00:22:55,941 That is moonlight 481 00:22:56,007 --> 00:22:58,677 that is giving us those images with a special camera. 482 00:22:58,744 --> 00:23:02,013 We're gonna check right back with Bob a little bit later on. 483 00:23:02,080 --> 00:23:03,448 Jane has actually left me. 484 00:23:03,515 --> 00:23:05,550 She's run away. She's gone to the Matrix room, 485 00:23:05,617 --> 00:23:08,253 which is Earth Live's command center. 486 00:23:08,320 --> 00:23:09,654 -Jane? -JANE (off screen): Yep. 487 00:23:09,721 --> 00:23:12,891 Right here in mission control. Look at all the hub of activity. 488 00:23:12,958 --> 00:23:15,093 We have 50 live camera feeds in here 489 00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:18,063 from 25 locations, six continents. 490 00:23:18,130 --> 00:23:21,032 screens live from every location. 491 00:23:21,099 --> 00:23:23,368 This is James. James is calling the shots here. 492 00:23:23,435 --> 00:23:26,171 Tell us, what, what-- tell the folks at home what's going on. 493 00:23:26,238 --> 00:23:28,273 -What are you guys doing in here? -JAMES: Uh, well, organized chaos. 494 00:23:28,340 --> 00:23:29,241 JANE: Yes. 495 00:23:29,307 --> 00:23:31,710 JAMES: Uh, we're talking to all our teams in the field. 496 00:23:31,777 --> 00:23:34,646 We've got people all around the planet, from Alaska to India. 497 00:23:34,713 --> 00:23:35,947 We're monitoring all the feeds, 498 00:23:36,014 --> 00:23:37,916 and as soon as we see some action, we're gonna let you know next-- 499 00:23:37,983 --> 00:23:39,818 JANE: You'll throw it to us. Everybody's got their laptops. 500 00:23:39,885 --> 00:23:41,787 Uh, Vivia here has the ocelots. 501 00:23:41,853 --> 00:23:43,522 Bill with the sharks with his laptop. 502 00:23:43,588 --> 00:23:45,757 This guy's on Facebook. Shame on you. 503 00:23:45,824 --> 00:23:48,427 This is all live, and the images are so clear. 504 00:23:48,493 --> 00:23:50,962 Now, this show could not have been done before, 505 00:23:51,029 --> 00:23:53,832 because the technology simply didn't exist. 506 00:23:53,899 --> 00:23:55,200 Back to you, Phil. 507 00:23:55,267 --> 00:23:56,701 PHIL: What a team! All right. 508 00:23:56,768 --> 00:23:59,571 Are you ready to meet two new animals? 509 00:23:59,638 --> 00:24:03,241 Cosmopolitan monkeys dining out in the city 510 00:24:03,308 --> 00:24:08,780 and whales that travel across an ocean to get a good meal. 511 00:24:08,847 --> 00:24:11,149 This is Earth Live. 512 00:24:19,357 --> 00:24:21,226 JANE: Welcome back to Earth Live, everybody. 513 00:24:21,293 --> 00:24:24,362 What we're looking at is a thermal camera photographing lions, 514 00:24:24,429 --> 00:24:26,398 and it looks like we might be in the beginning of a hunt. 515 00:24:29,801 --> 00:24:33,705 CHRIS: This is the plains of Africa, and we have a lioness out here, 516 00:24:33,772 --> 00:24:37,042 very definitely stalking potential prey. 517 00:24:37,108 --> 00:24:39,244 You can see that she's creeping forward. 518 00:24:39,311 --> 00:24:41,513 She has now gone down onto the ground. 519 00:24:41,580 --> 00:24:43,248 It's a slow process. 520 00:24:43,315 --> 00:24:44,449 She's got to be careful. 521 00:24:44,516 --> 00:24:46,852 She doesn't want to spook whatever the prey is. 522 00:24:46,918 --> 00:24:48,687 And if we're panning around now, 523 00:24:48,753 --> 00:24:50,355 we should be able to see what she's looking at. 524 00:24:50,422 --> 00:24:51,423 Yes, here we've got it. 525 00:24:51,490 --> 00:24:53,792 There's a bunch of wildebeests here. 526 00:24:54,359 --> 00:24:56,261 PHIL: And they have no idea that she's there? 527 00:24:56,328 --> 00:24:58,797 -CHRIS: No. It's grooming itself. -JANE: Completely unaware. 528 00:24:58,864 --> 00:25:00,365 CHRIS: It's clearly not alerted to the fact 529 00:25:00,432 --> 00:25:02,567 that there's a lion anywhere near. 530 00:25:02,634 --> 00:25:04,302 But she's quite a way off at the moment. 531 00:25:04,369 --> 00:25:07,138 JANE: And she's by herself, too, Chris. They usual-- They do-- 532 00:25:07,205 --> 00:25:09,541 CHRIS: Well, we can only see the one lion here, Jane. 533 00:25:09,608 --> 00:25:12,244 There could be others in the pride skirting around, 534 00:25:12,310 --> 00:25:14,379 because they will hunt cooperatively. 535 00:25:14,446 --> 00:25:16,781 But she's gonna need to get a lot closer than this 536 00:25:16,848 --> 00:25:19,584 to stand a chance of catching one of those animals. 537 00:25:20,385 --> 00:25:22,587 PHIL: I love listening to the night of Africa. 538 00:25:22,654 --> 00:25:23,588 JANE: Yeah. 539 00:25:24,589 --> 00:25:27,092 CHRIS: Look at that. You can feel the tension. 540 00:25:27,158 --> 00:25:29,127 Jane, Phil, the tension. 541 00:25:29,194 --> 00:25:30,495 -PHIL: Intense. -JANE: And-- Yeah, it is. 542 00:25:30,562 --> 00:25:32,697 And look at the, look at the, the camera. 543 00:25:32,764 --> 00:25:36,301 It, it captures the body heat of the animal. 544 00:25:36,368 --> 00:25:39,004 And so where she's whiter, it's where she's warmer. 545 00:25:39,571 --> 00:25:42,173 CHRIS: This, this is the ultimate game. 546 00:25:42,240 --> 00:25:44,476 This is the game of life and death. 547 00:25:44,543 --> 00:25:46,077 JANE: Look at her eyes. Look at that stare. 548 00:25:46,845 --> 00:25:48,880 PHIL: And do you know what their success rate is, Chris, 549 00:25:48,947 --> 00:25:50,181 in terms of every time they hunt? 550 00:25:50,248 --> 00:25:51,683 CHRIS: Yeah, if they're hunting on their own, 551 00:25:51,750 --> 00:25:52,951 it's not particularly good. 552 00:25:53,018 --> 00:25:57,322 It's between five and nineteen percent of hunts result in a kill. 553 00:25:57,389 --> 00:25:59,724 If they're hunting in pairs, it improves slightly, 554 00:25:59,791 --> 00:26:02,661 but they need to move into a group to hunt really effectively. 555 00:26:02,727 --> 00:26:04,729 Then it can raise to 30 percent. 556 00:26:04,796 --> 00:26:05,897 But look here, 557 00:26:05,964 --> 00:26:08,567 how carefully she's paying attention to these animals. 558 00:26:08,633 --> 00:26:11,503 All of her focus is strained, 559 00:26:12,103 --> 00:26:14,506 her hearing, her smell, her sight. 560 00:26:14,573 --> 00:26:16,541 -PHIL: Her life depends on it. -CHRIS: Absolutely. 561 00:26:16,608 --> 00:26:20,412 JANE: And we have a full moon tonight, so this is not optimal for the lions. 562 00:26:20,478 --> 00:26:22,814 It, it kind of lights up the area a little more. 563 00:26:22,881 --> 00:26:24,316 Uh, then, then, they-- 564 00:26:24,382 --> 00:26:25,917 CHRIS: No, you're, you're absolutely right. 565 00:26:25,984 --> 00:26:28,320 I mean, it's perfect for us to be able to see them, 566 00:26:28,386 --> 00:26:29,588 but it's bad news for them 567 00:26:29,654 --> 00:26:31,823 because their prey can see the lion, 568 00:26:31,890 --> 00:26:35,794 and that's why she's being so careful in, in this hunt. 569 00:26:35,860 --> 00:26:38,430 -JANE: But it is dark out there. -CHRIS: Yes, it's pitch black. 570 00:26:38,496 --> 00:26:40,699 As you say, this is our thermal camera. 571 00:26:40,765 --> 00:26:43,868 PHIL: Chris, how long would she sit here waiting to, to attack? 572 00:26:43,935 --> 00:26:46,004 CHRIS: Well, frankly, as long as it takes. 573 00:26:46,071 --> 00:26:48,873 She's got to at least half this distance to be in with any chance. 574 00:26:48,940 --> 00:26:52,210 They can only run fast for a very short distance. 575 00:26:52,644 --> 00:26:54,446 -JANE: Oh. -CHRIS: But look. 576 00:26:56,047 --> 00:26:56,982 MAN :Ten minutes. 577 00:26:59,384 --> 00:27:02,287 CHRIS: As soon as she makes a move, if there's any more progress, 578 00:27:02,354 --> 00:27:03,688 we'll cut back to this. 579 00:27:04,122 --> 00:27:05,724 Fingers crossed for the lioness. 580 00:27:05,790 --> 00:27:07,459 PHIL: All right, we'll keep, keep an eye out. 581 00:27:07,525 --> 00:27:10,528 I'm, I'm almost, you know, uh, hesitant to leave 582 00:27:10,595 --> 00:27:12,731 but, but I think we should go somewhere else right now. 583 00:27:12,797 --> 00:27:14,265 Let's go way north. 584 00:27:14,332 --> 00:27:18,236 Let's go nearly 3,000 miles across Canada from New York City 585 00:27:18,303 --> 00:27:20,171 to America's last frontier. 586 00:27:20,238 --> 00:27:22,240 This is, of course, Alaska, 587 00:27:22,307 --> 00:27:25,043 to see some awe-inspiring animals 588 00:27:25,110 --> 00:27:27,679 who have traveled from far away. 589 00:27:29,614 --> 00:27:30,982 In the Gulf of the Alaska, 590 00:27:31,483 --> 00:27:34,653 a perfect storm of melting glacier ice 591 00:27:34,719 --> 00:27:36,221 and long daylight hours 592 00:27:36,287 --> 00:27:39,391 produce an explosion of phytoplankton, 593 00:27:39,457 --> 00:27:43,962 the green plant-like microorganisms at the bottom of the food chain. 594 00:27:44,029 --> 00:27:48,633 The incredible plankton bloom is so big you can see it from space. 595 00:27:49,234 --> 00:27:52,103 The plankton nourishes sea life great and small. 596 00:27:52,937 --> 00:27:54,973 It calls to the humpback whales. 597 00:27:55,874 --> 00:27:58,777 Thousands of them will make the 3,000-mile journey 598 00:27:58,843 --> 00:28:01,212 from Hawaii to join in the feeding frenzy. 599 00:28:02,313 --> 00:28:04,783 A humpback will eat up to one and a half tons 600 00:28:04,849 --> 00:28:07,318 of fish and crustaceans a day 601 00:28:07,385 --> 00:28:10,955 to generate the blubber that sustains them throughout the year. 602 00:28:12,057 --> 00:28:14,859 A big appetite for a huge mammal, 603 00:28:14,926 --> 00:28:16,161 the humpback whale. 604 00:28:25,203 --> 00:28:28,940 Well, we have been monitoring the weather over Frederick Sound in Alaska, 605 00:28:29,007 --> 00:28:30,508 and, you know, Jane, it is a live show. 606 00:28:30,575 --> 00:28:33,578 PHIL: So we just, you know, we're hoping the weather is gonna be good 607 00:28:33,645 --> 00:28:36,247 and maybe, I think if we have a look at the satellite map. 608 00:28:36,314 --> 00:28:38,116 You said you always wanted to do the weather on TV? 609 00:28:38,183 --> 00:28:39,517 JANE (off screen): Yeah, I always wanted to be a weather girl. 610 00:28:39,584 --> 00:28:42,587 So looks like we have rain and we have some winds coming in from the South, 611 00:28:42,654 --> 00:28:43,822 nine, ten miles per hour. 612 00:28:43,888 --> 00:28:46,524 If it gets up to 13, we might not be able to launch this drone 613 00:28:46,591 --> 00:28:47,659 that we're gonna tell the folks about. 614 00:28:47,726 --> 00:28:49,260 PHIL (off screen): Right. I understand that we did have 615 00:28:49,327 --> 00:28:50,528 one drone that got up in the air. 616 00:28:50,595 --> 00:28:52,397 Another one couldn't get up in the air. 617 00:28:52,464 --> 00:28:55,867 So, uh, here, look, we do have a live shot right now. 618 00:28:55,934 --> 00:28:59,871 Um, and we are looking at a drone that is looking back 619 00:28:59,938 --> 00:29:02,774 where we're going to hopefully take off a, a drone, 620 00:29:02,841 --> 00:29:04,008 have a drone take off. 621 00:29:04,075 --> 00:29:08,513 And we are going to try to spot some humpback whales. 622 00:29:08,580 --> 00:29:12,183 Uh, Ian Kerr from the Whale Preservation Ocean Alliance 623 00:29:12,250 --> 00:29:14,652 is close by, and he's about to try to perform 624 00:29:14,719 --> 00:29:18,156 a very tricky research project. 625 00:29:18,223 --> 00:29:19,724 JANE: Now, Chris, what kind of information 626 00:29:19,791 --> 00:29:22,660 would you get from the snot, I guess is what it is, 627 00:29:22,727 --> 00:29:24,062 of the whale 'cause they're just trying to collect 628 00:29:24,129 --> 00:29:25,463 some samples from the blow hole? 629 00:29:25,530 --> 00:29:28,266 CHRIS: You can see Ian here, he's there spotting a whale 630 00:29:28,333 --> 00:29:29,934 live at the moment. 631 00:29:30,001 --> 00:29:31,503 Uh, what he wants to do, Jane, 632 00:29:31,569 --> 00:29:34,105 is take this drone that you can see here 633 00:29:34,172 --> 00:29:35,807 and he's putting petri dishes, 634 00:29:35,874 --> 00:29:38,409 little dishes on the top of it with the Velcro. 635 00:29:38,476 --> 00:29:40,945 And their ambition, and it's a big ambition, 636 00:29:41,012 --> 00:29:43,882 is to fly this little gadget through the blow, 637 00:29:43,948 --> 00:29:45,717 the exhalation of the whale, 638 00:29:45,784 --> 00:29:47,452 when it comes back to the surface, 639 00:29:47,519 --> 00:29:50,588 because then parts of it will land in those petri dishes, 640 00:29:50,655 --> 00:29:52,123 they fly it back to the boat, 641 00:29:52,190 --> 00:29:54,793 and there they can analyze what they recovered. 642 00:29:54,859 --> 00:29:55,894 PHIL: And this is the SnotBot? 643 00:29:55,960 --> 00:29:57,295 -JANE: The SnotBot. -CHRIS: It's a SnotBot. 644 00:29:57,362 --> 00:29:58,530 (overlapping conversations) 645 00:29:58,596 --> 00:30:00,465 PHIL: Where do we get one of those jackets, Chris, 646 00:30:00,532 --> 00:30:01,800 that says "SnotBot"? 647 00:30:01,866 --> 00:30:03,368 Oh, wow, look at this. 648 00:30:03,434 --> 00:30:04,302 JANE: And there's another drone. 649 00:30:04,369 --> 00:30:05,436 CHRIS: And there's a whale. Look. 650 00:30:05,503 --> 00:30:07,005 -You saw the whale behind it there? -PHIL: Where? 651 00:30:07,071 --> 00:30:08,406 -CHRIS: You see the whale behind it to the left. 652 00:30:08,473 --> 00:30:09,674 PHIL: Okay. 653 00:30:09,741 --> 00:30:11,409 CHRIS: And it's homing in on that whale. 654 00:30:12,243 --> 00:30:13,511 PHIL: How fantastic. 655 00:30:13,578 --> 00:30:17,482 So the timing of all of this, Chris, it's incredibly tough. 656 00:30:17,549 --> 00:30:18,716 CHRIS: It is incredibly tough. 657 00:30:18,783 --> 00:30:20,218 These animals come back to the surface 658 00:30:20,285 --> 00:30:22,086 after sometimes very deep dives. 659 00:30:22,153 --> 00:30:23,721 They're down for many minutes. 660 00:30:23,788 --> 00:30:25,723 They've got to find the whale and then-- 661 00:30:25,790 --> 00:30:27,125 There's the whale there. Look to the right, Phil. 662 00:30:27,192 --> 00:30:29,894 You can see the back of it, the hump of the humpback whale. 663 00:30:29,961 --> 00:30:32,831 Now, hopefully, if they get the drone in exactly the right position 664 00:30:32,897 --> 00:30:35,767 and it blows, they'll get some snot. 665 00:30:35,834 --> 00:30:37,202 PHIL: What are our chances? 666 00:30:37,268 --> 00:30:40,672 CHRIS: Well, they do have to blow when they come back to the surface. 667 00:30:40,738 --> 00:30:44,242 And the blow will go up about 20 feet and about 13 miles an hour. 668 00:30:44,309 --> 00:30:47,979 -Oh, they missed that one. -JANE: She didn't blow. 669 00:30:48,680 --> 00:30:49,581 CHRIS: They missed that one. 670 00:30:49,647 --> 00:30:51,182 PHIL: Will it come back up again, or... 671 00:30:51,249 --> 00:30:55,220 CHRIS: If it's a shallow dive, it should come back up again. 672 00:30:55,286 --> 00:30:56,955 PHIL: Well, that, okay, that's a great shot. 673 00:30:57,021 --> 00:30:57,889 You can really get a good-- 674 00:30:57,956 --> 00:30:59,891 CHRIS: You can see the whale beneath the surface. 675 00:30:59,958 --> 00:31:01,392 You can see the whale beneath the surface. 676 00:31:01,459 --> 00:31:03,161 Here it comes. Here it comes. Here it comes. 677 00:31:03,228 --> 00:31:04,696 -JANE: There it is. -PHIL: Was that a hit? 678 00:31:04,762 --> 00:31:05,997 -CHRIS: Wow. -PHIL: I think it was. 679 00:31:06,064 --> 00:31:08,433 CHRIS: I don't know. (chuckles) 680 00:31:08,499 --> 00:31:10,201 Here we go. Here we go. 681 00:31:11,135 --> 00:31:12,770 Let's see if they get-- One more go. Here's the whale. 682 00:31:12,837 --> 00:31:15,540 You can see the whale on the right-hand side of the screen there. 683 00:31:15,607 --> 00:31:18,076 Here it comes. There's the blow. 684 00:31:18,142 --> 00:31:19,644 -PHIL: That's pretty close. -JANE: That's pretty close. 685 00:31:19,711 --> 00:31:22,313 CHRIS: That's got to be snot in the can, hasn't it? 686 00:31:22,380 --> 00:31:24,282 PHIL: Which is exactly what we want, right? 687 00:31:24,349 --> 00:31:25,416 CHRIS (chuckling): Oh! 688 00:31:25,483 --> 00:31:27,752 -PHIL: Absolutely amazing. -CHRIS: This is great stuff, isn't it? 689 00:31:29,220 --> 00:31:31,456 This is great stuff. One more go. Come on. 690 00:31:31,522 --> 00:31:33,324 -PHIL: Get it right in the middle. -CHRIS: Oh, yes! 691 00:31:33,391 --> 00:31:36,027 (laughing) That must be it. 692 00:31:36,094 --> 00:31:38,329 And, look, you can see the nostrils of the whale there, 693 00:31:38,396 --> 00:31:40,398 the two nostrils and down-- 694 00:31:40,465 --> 00:31:41,833 PHIL: Oh! 695 00:31:41,900 --> 00:31:44,903 CHRIS: That's a deep dive. That's a deep dive. If the flue comes up 696 00:31:44,969 --> 00:31:46,137 PHIL: And just a quick point, Chris, 697 00:31:46,204 --> 00:31:48,840 you were saying what's great about this is noninvasive. 698 00:31:48,907 --> 00:31:49,841 CHRIS: It's noninvasive. 699 00:31:49,908 --> 00:31:52,710 We're after material, we're collecting from the animal here. 700 00:31:52,777 --> 00:31:55,813 They're getting tissue from the internal part of the whale. 701 00:31:55,880 --> 00:31:59,150 They have enough there for DNA sample, hormone samples, 702 00:31:59,217 --> 00:32:01,152 and also to check for pollutants, too, 703 00:32:01,219 --> 00:32:03,087 and of course the whale wasn't stressed at all. 704 00:32:03,154 --> 00:32:04,822 He didn't even know the drone was there. 705 00:32:04,889 --> 00:32:07,292 PHIL: Wow, I got to congratulate Dr. Kerr and his team. 706 00:32:07,358 --> 00:32:08,726 That was really incredible. 707 00:32:08,793 --> 00:32:11,562 I want to show you an amazing map of the world, 708 00:32:11,629 --> 00:32:13,264 just to give you a good overview. 709 00:32:13,331 --> 00:32:14,766 If you have a look at all the blue dots, 710 00:32:14,832 --> 00:32:18,002 the blue dots are where we have cameras all over the world. 711 00:32:18,069 --> 00:32:19,671 Here, you can see a big shadow. 712 00:32:19,737 --> 00:32:22,473 The shadow is where it's dark in the world right now. 713 00:32:22,540 --> 00:32:24,242 And then this beautiful full moon 714 00:32:24,309 --> 00:32:28,079 which is allowing us to do our wonderful show, Earth Live, 715 00:32:28,146 --> 00:32:29,981 and that's slowly moving west. 716 00:32:30,048 --> 00:32:33,017 And if you look way over here, you can see the sun is rising, 717 00:32:33,084 --> 00:32:34,719 so the sun is rising here, 718 00:32:34,786 --> 00:32:37,989 and so it is sunrise here in Asia right now 719 00:32:38,056 --> 00:32:40,558 and in particular Thailand, which is what we want. 720 00:32:40,625 --> 00:32:42,327 And as this shadow moves west, 721 00:32:42,393 --> 00:32:45,296 it'll be dark in New York by the time we finish the show. 722 00:32:45,363 --> 00:32:47,098 JANE: And of course, another great thing about the full moon 723 00:32:47,165 --> 00:32:48,866 is that the night darkness can affect 724 00:32:48,933 --> 00:32:51,803 an animal's sleep behavior and their hunting plans. 725 00:32:51,869 --> 00:32:55,406 The pull of the full moon also creates extremes in coastal tides. 726 00:32:55,473 --> 00:32:57,241 PHIL: Don't you love that? And if you're a monkey... 727 00:32:57,308 --> 00:32:59,410 -JANE: It's a great thing. -PHIL: ...and if you live in Thailand 728 00:32:59,477 --> 00:33:02,246 on one of the 1,000 islands in particular, 729 00:33:02,313 --> 00:33:04,649 the Koram Island where it's morning 730 00:33:04,716 --> 00:33:08,753 where that full moon is making a very extreme low tide, 731 00:33:08,820 --> 00:33:10,421 well, then, the locals are very happy. 732 00:33:10,488 --> 00:33:13,491 And there is a troupe of very clever monkeys there... 733 00:33:13,558 --> 00:33:16,027 -JANE: Indeed. -PHIL: ...who are in heaven right now 734 00:33:16,094 --> 00:33:18,229 because they have a great feed at hand. 735 00:33:18,963 --> 00:33:20,264 -CHRIS: Oh, wow. -JANE: What's this, Chris? 736 00:33:20,331 --> 00:33:23,034 CHRIS: Look at these. These are long-tailed macaques, 737 00:33:23,101 --> 00:33:24,702 and they're out on the beach. 738 00:33:24,769 --> 00:33:26,804 Now, typically, of course, we think of monkeys 739 00:33:26,871 --> 00:33:30,141 as eating fruit and leaves, flowers, 740 00:33:30,208 --> 00:33:33,244 but these guys are taking advantage of a protein feast 741 00:33:33,311 --> 00:33:34,479 exposed by the tide. 742 00:33:34,545 --> 00:33:36,647 They're after seafood, 743 00:33:36,714 --> 00:33:39,717 and what they will actually do is use tools 744 00:33:39,784 --> 00:33:42,987 to hack these oysters off of the rocks. 745 00:33:44,655 --> 00:33:47,158 Now, this little guy has got his back to us at the moment, 746 00:33:47,225 --> 00:33:48,493 but hopefully he'll turn around. 747 00:33:48,559 --> 00:33:50,995 You can see it's eating some oyster. 748 00:33:51,062 --> 00:33:53,164 He must have already smashed that one open. 749 00:33:54,132 --> 00:33:57,101 And tool use in primates like this is extremely rare. 750 00:33:57,168 --> 00:33:59,971 Of the 200 species, we've got only a handful of them 751 00:34:00,038 --> 00:34:01,439 will actually use tools. 752 00:34:01,506 --> 00:34:03,908 JANE: Oh, look, we have a baby, uh, suckling 753 00:34:03,975 --> 00:34:07,145 while mom, uh, searches for the perfect rock. 754 00:34:07,211 --> 00:34:10,314 And they say the female monkeys are better at this than the males. 755 00:34:10,381 --> 00:34:12,350 Isn't that great? I love that. Yes. 756 00:34:12,417 --> 00:34:14,485 CHRIS: Phil, did you see the way she just turned the rock around 757 00:34:14,552 --> 00:34:16,087 to get exactly the right angle? 758 00:34:16,154 --> 00:34:17,388 PHIL: I love that-- Their hands-- 759 00:34:17,455 --> 00:34:20,958 The hands look almost human, the dexterity of the hands. 760 00:34:21,025 --> 00:34:24,162 CHRIS: And what's interesting is that if they go looking for oysters like this, 761 00:34:24,228 --> 00:34:25,863 they choose the rock first. 762 00:34:25,930 --> 00:34:29,033 They sift through until they get one that's the perfect weight and shape 763 00:34:29,100 --> 00:34:30,535 and then they go looking for oysters. 764 00:34:30,601 --> 00:34:31,936 And look at the way it's adjusting its hold. 765 00:34:32,003 --> 00:34:34,872 PHIL: Yeah. It ergonomically wanted to make the rock work. 766 00:34:34,939 --> 00:34:37,275 CHRIS: Yeah. Yeah. You do that, don't you, if you, 767 00:34:37,341 --> 00:34:39,544 if you pick up a hammer, you adjust your grip 768 00:34:39,610 --> 00:34:41,546 until you've got it, until you've got it right. 769 00:34:41,612 --> 00:34:43,915 PHIL: Oh, let's go into the moment here for a second. 770 00:34:50,021 --> 00:34:50,888 Oh. 771 00:34:52,657 --> 00:34:53,991 CHRIS: Mission accomplished. 772 00:34:54,058 --> 00:34:56,627 -It's got the oyster out. -(Jane chuckles) 773 00:35:01,199 --> 00:35:02,467 CHRIS: Oh, this is extraordinary. 774 00:35:02,533 --> 00:35:05,570 An opportunity to see tool use live 775 00:35:05,636 --> 00:35:06,838 from Thailand. 776 00:35:06,904 --> 00:35:08,372 Honestly, it doesn't get much better. 777 00:35:08,439 --> 00:35:11,742 PHIL: Yeah, it doesn't. Well, let's hope it just keeps getting better and better. 778 00:35:11,809 --> 00:35:15,146 We're gonna go live now to a land down under 779 00:35:15,213 --> 00:35:17,315 close to my native New Zealand. 780 00:35:17,381 --> 00:35:20,284 Uh, We're gonna go to the rainforest of Queensland, Australia, 781 00:35:20,351 --> 00:35:22,553 where we're gonna find the smallest critters 782 00:35:22,620 --> 00:35:24,222 we'll celebrate tonight. 783 00:35:24,288 --> 00:35:27,325 But they are, perhaps, the most accomplished. 784 00:35:30,228 --> 00:35:32,630 At about only a third of an inch long, 785 00:35:32,697 --> 00:35:36,701 the weaver ant is still a surprisingly big player in the rainforest. 786 00:35:37,768 --> 00:35:39,804 The tiny insects are smart. 787 00:35:39,871 --> 00:35:43,541 They build amazing structures, and they're strong. 788 00:35:43,975 --> 00:35:46,911 They can lift 100 times their own weight. 789 00:35:50,114 --> 00:35:52,850 Now is the dry season, and these tiny architects 790 00:35:53,384 --> 00:35:55,853 must race against time and the elements 791 00:35:55,920 --> 00:35:59,857 to construct elaborate, life-saving fortresses in the rainforest. 792 00:36:05,563 --> 00:36:10,935 JANE: Pretty amazing. We'll continue watching this fascinating activity, 793 00:36:11,002 --> 00:36:12,470 of this construction project. 794 00:36:12,537 --> 00:36:14,438 The workers have a few tricks 795 00:36:14,505 --> 00:36:16,974 up their whatever passes for sleeves in the ant world, 796 00:36:17,041 --> 00:36:20,144 including using their own larvae to glue the leaves together 797 00:36:20,211 --> 00:36:21,946 like mini glue guns. Isn't that right, Chris? 798 00:36:22,013 --> 00:36:24,582 CHRIS: Yeah, it is. They want to fold all of these leaves together 799 00:36:24,649 --> 00:36:26,117 to protect themselves 800 00:36:26,184 --> 00:36:28,386 and their eggs, their pupae, and their larvae 801 00:36:28,452 --> 00:36:30,621 because it's the dry season out there at the moment, 802 00:36:30,688 --> 00:36:32,023 and they don't want those to dry out. 803 00:36:32,089 --> 00:36:35,726 And also, of course, they want predators not to be able to reach them. 804 00:36:35,793 --> 00:36:37,862 And we're hoping that during the course of the show, 805 00:36:37,929 --> 00:36:41,132 we'll be able to watch them actually building a nest out of these leaves. 806 00:36:41,199 --> 00:36:43,968 PHIL: So, Chris, just give us an overview of what they're trying to do. 807 00:36:44,035 --> 00:36:45,803 They want to pull the leaves together? 808 00:36:45,870 --> 00:36:47,171 CHRIS: They are enormously strong. 809 00:36:47,238 --> 00:36:49,307 They have got to bend all of these leaves 810 00:36:49,373 --> 00:36:52,643 from their usual growth position and tie them together. 811 00:36:52,710 --> 00:36:54,412 And you will see them forming little bridges. 812 00:36:54,478 --> 00:36:55,947 They're on the right-hand side of the screen here. 813 00:36:56,013 --> 00:36:58,716 You see those ants all hanging on? 814 00:36:58,783 --> 00:37:02,119 Legs on one leaf, mandibles, jaws on the other 815 00:37:02,186 --> 00:37:03,487 holding it together 816 00:37:03,554 --> 00:37:06,724 whilst others go for those larvae, the little glue guns, 817 00:37:06,791 --> 00:37:09,827 and then hopefully, we'll see them stitching all of these things together. 818 00:37:09,894 --> 00:37:12,763 JANE: And of course, we will monitor this as they, they continue building, 819 00:37:12,830 --> 00:37:14,799 uh, this beautiful home, this nest for themselves. 820 00:37:14,865 --> 00:37:17,735 But right now, we have a visitor in our studio. 821 00:37:17,802 --> 00:37:19,303 Chris, who do we have here? 822 00:37:19,370 --> 00:37:22,406 And, uh, tell us a little bit about this fellow. 823 00:37:22,473 --> 00:37:24,375 CHRIS: Phil, Jane, this is an extraordinary privilege. 824 00:37:24,442 --> 00:37:27,178 This is a Linnaeus two-toed sloth. 825 00:37:27,678 --> 00:37:29,513 We've got this here because you know the ocelot 826 00:37:29,580 --> 00:37:30,815 -that Steve was watching? -JANE: Right. 827 00:37:30,881 --> 00:37:32,116 CHRIS (off screen): This is the potential prey. 828 00:37:32,516 --> 00:37:36,187 It shares that rainforest environment of South America, 829 00:37:36,254 --> 00:37:37,755 and it's highly specialized. 830 00:37:37,822 --> 00:37:39,423 Jane, what do you notice about the fur? 831 00:37:39,490 --> 00:37:41,225 JANE: Well, the fur grows away from his belly 832 00:37:41,292 --> 00:37:43,894 as opposed to... Well, you would think that the part would be in the back. 833 00:37:43,961 --> 00:37:45,596 CHRIS: It's got its coat on back to front, hasn't it? 834 00:37:45,663 --> 00:37:47,765 JANE : Right, right. It does. He has his coat on backwards. 835 00:37:47,832 --> 00:37:50,067 CHRIS: And the reason for that is, of course, that when it rains, 836 00:37:50,134 --> 00:37:52,903 it wants the rain to drain off over its back 837 00:37:52,970 --> 00:37:55,906 whereas most animals want it to drain off under the belly. 838 00:37:55,973 --> 00:37:57,475 -JANE (off screen): Oh, my gosh. -PHIL (off screen): Can I tell you, Chris, 839 00:37:57,541 --> 00:38:00,378 this is the cleanest-looking sloth I have ever seen. 840 00:38:00,444 --> 00:38:02,913 CHRIS: It is. It is a pretty smart sloth. 841 00:38:02,980 --> 00:38:04,448 There's no doubt about that. 842 00:38:04,515 --> 00:38:06,851 Um, in the wild, they don't look this color at all. 843 00:38:06,917 --> 00:38:09,787 They look green because inside these hairs, 844 00:38:09,854 --> 00:38:13,624 there are tiny, little grooves in which algae grows, 845 00:38:13,691 --> 00:38:16,260 beneficial for the algae but also for the sloth 846 00:38:16,327 --> 00:38:18,963 because during daytime, it makes them green, 847 00:38:19,030 --> 00:38:22,166 which means they're better camouflaged from potential predators. 848 00:38:22,233 --> 00:38:24,969 But, Jane, have you ever taken a garment out of your wardrobe 849 00:38:25,036 --> 00:38:27,538 -and shaken out a few moths? -JANE: Yes. Indeed I have. 850 00:38:27,605 --> 00:38:29,440 Complete with moth holes. You bet. 851 00:38:29,507 --> 00:38:33,177 CHRIS: You see, these things are home to moths in the wild. 852 00:38:33,244 --> 00:38:35,413 They have a whole fauna of these insects, 853 00:38:35,479 --> 00:38:37,848 sometimes several species, up to 100 of them, 854 00:38:37,915 --> 00:38:40,184 living inside their fur. 855 00:38:40,251 --> 00:38:41,986 Sloth moths. 856 00:38:42,053 --> 00:38:44,422 And when they finally go down to the ground to defecate, 857 00:38:44,488 --> 00:38:46,324 and sloths will only do that once a month, 858 00:38:46,390 --> 00:38:48,392 the moths lay their eggs in the feces, 859 00:38:48,459 --> 00:38:50,094 and that's where the larvae develop. 860 00:38:50,161 --> 00:38:53,898 So not only does this species live in an extraordinary ecosystem, 861 00:38:53,964 --> 00:38:55,866 -it is an ecosystem itself. -JANE: It is an ecosystem! 862 00:38:55,933 --> 00:38:58,836 It is a win-win for the, the creatures on him 863 00:38:58,903 --> 00:39:00,404 and, and for him, as well. 864 00:39:00,471 --> 00:39:01,706 -CHRIS: Indeed. -JANE: Well, that's terrific. 865 00:39:01,772 --> 00:39:05,009 Now from jungle animals to social media animals. 866 00:39:05,076 --> 00:39:05,943 Yes, you. 867 00:39:06,010 --> 00:39:09,680 You're about to become naturalists, explorers, and television producers. 868 00:39:09,747 --> 00:39:11,615 Here are three animals you've already met, 869 00:39:11,682 --> 00:39:14,485 and you get to choose the one you'd like to spend a little more time with. 870 00:39:14,552 --> 00:39:17,755 When we return, we'll go to the animal who gets the most votes. 871 00:39:17,822 --> 00:39:21,158 So is it the macaque, hyena, or the lions? 872 00:39:21,225 --> 00:39:25,029 Exercise your right to vote using the hashtag #LiveMacaque, 873 00:39:25,096 --> 00:39:27,531 #LiveHyena, or #LiveLions. 874 00:39:27,598 --> 00:39:29,500 And we'll be right back with more Earth Live. 875 00:39:35,506 --> 00:39:39,944 JANE: Magnificent humpback whales enjoying the cool Alaska waters. 876 00:39:40,478 --> 00:39:41,946 Welcome back to Earth Live, everybody. 877 00:39:42,012 --> 00:39:44,448 We're here in the world headquarters in New York City 878 00:39:44,515 --> 00:39:46,150 while the real stars of the show, 879 00:39:46,217 --> 00:39:49,220 the amazing animals and our heroic cinematographers, 880 00:39:49,286 --> 00:39:51,122 are scattered all over the world. 881 00:39:51,188 --> 00:39:52,957 And we're looking at you, animals, 882 00:39:53,023 --> 00:39:55,760 and we're sharing them with you, the people. 883 00:39:55,826 --> 00:39:57,528 Now, before the break, we asked you to vote 884 00:39:57,595 --> 00:39:59,663 for the animal you most wanted to see more of. 885 00:39:59,730 --> 00:40:02,800 Talk about a tough election. A lot of mud was thrown. 886 00:40:02,867 --> 00:40:05,603 Uh, there were rumors of tampering by Russian bears. 887 00:40:05,669 --> 00:40:07,204 But, you know, the people have spoken. 888 00:40:07,271 --> 00:40:10,241 The people of Earth Live want more lions. 889 00:40:10,307 --> 00:40:11,575 Chris, where are we going? 890 00:40:11,642 --> 00:40:14,478 CHRIS: Yeah, here we are. We're back to Maasai Mara in Kenya. 891 00:40:14,545 --> 00:40:16,080 This is our moonlight cam. 892 00:40:16,147 --> 00:40:18,582 Remember, it's completely dark there, 893 00:40:18,649 --> 00:40:21,485 and what we have got is a tranquil scene. 894 00:40:21,552 --> 00:40:23,421 JANE: Apparently, the lion does sleep tonight. 895 00:40:23,954 --> 00:40:26,090 (laughter) 896 00:40:26,157 --> 00:40:29,193 CHRIS: In fact, there's a whole pride of lions sleeping tonight here 897 00:40:29,260 --> 00:40:32,096 with plenty of youngsters in amongst them. 898 00:40:32,163 --> 00:40:33,831 Whether they fed last night 899 00:40:33,898 --> 00:40:36,000 and they don't have to hunt tonight, I'm not sure. 900 00:40:36,066 --> 00:40:38,636 If we had a better view of their bellies, you can soon tell 901 00:40:38,702 --> 00:40:40,971 because they'll be quite swollen with food. 902 00:40:41,038 --> 00:40:42,640 But what a superb view, Jane. 903 00:40:42,706 --> 00:40:45,576 JANE: Ah, wonderful. Well, the sun is rising over Asia right now 904 00:40:45,643 --> 00:40:48,379 as seen from the International Space Station. 905 00:40:48,446 --> 00:40:50,347 225 miles above the Earth. 906 00:40:50,414 --> 00:40:51,982 How gorgeous is that? 907 00:40:52,049 --> 00:40:53,384 PHIL: And you know what's so cool, Jane? 908 00:40:53,451 --> 00:40:55,152 -JANE: What's that? -PHIL: We can go from space 909 00:40:55,219 --> 00:40:57,688 and we can just drop down into a city, 910 00:40:57,755 --> 00:41:00,324 a city where the sun is also rising. 911 00:41:00,391 --> 00:41:03,260 And there's no better place to see how animals 912 00:41:03,327 --> 00:41:07,765 have learned to survive and even thrive in an urban environment 913 00:41:07,832 --> 00:41:11,202 than the second most populated country on Earth. 914 00:41:15,606 --> 00:41:18,709 India is a country of incredible diversity. 915 00:41:18,776 --> 00:41:20,411 1.2 billion people 916 00:41:20,478 --> 00:41:22,680 and more than 400 different mammals. 917 00:41:24,415 --> 00:41:27,952 Ancient religions including Hinduism and Buddhism 918 00:41:28,686 --> 00:41:31,388 have taught the Indian citizens to respect 919 00:41:31,455 --> 00:41:34,158 and even revere their animal counterparts. 920 00:41:35,326 --> 00:41:37,628 In Jodhpur, the Hanuman langur monkeys 921 00:41:37,695 --> 00:41:39,897 live side by side with the people. 922 00:41:39,964 --> 00:41:42,800 How do these two worlds coexist? 923 00:41:47,638 --> 00:41:50,040 JANE: We're joining National Geographic Explorer 924 00:41:50,107 --> 00:41:55,112 and cinematographer Sandesh Kadur live in India. 925 00:41:55,179 --> 00:41:56,914 Sandesh, how's it going out there? 926 00:42:00,217 --> 00:42:02,353 KADUR (off screen): Oh, it's great. It's sunrise here 927 00:42:02,419 --> 00:42:05,890 in the Mandore temple gardens in Jodhpur, India. 928 00:42:06,690 --> 00:42:10,928 It's already 85 degrees Fahrenheit, and it's getting pretty warm. 929 00:42:11,629 --> 00:42:14,465 I'm here to film one really special animal. 930 00:42:14,532 --> 00:42:15,699 The Hanuman langur. 931 00:42:16,400 --> 00:42:20,037 I'm surrounded here not just by these amazing temples 932 00:42:20,104 --> 00:42:22,206 but by these magnificent animals. 933 00:42:22,907 --> 00:42:27,478 And it's, its, it's amazing because these animals, 934 00:42:27,545 --> 00:42:31,682 there's over 350 of them found right here in these temple gardens, 935 00:42:31,749 --> 00:42:33,851 and, uh, they have just come down 936 00:42:33,918 --> 00:42:35,920 from the trees about 20 minutes ago, 937 00:42:35,986 --> 00:42:37,721 and they have started to feed. 938 00:42:37,788 --> 00:42:40,057 They have only got breakfast on their mind. 939 00:42:40,124 --> 00:42:44,028 Lucky for them, the local people feed these monkeys, 940 00:42:44,094 --> 00:42:46,564 and they have been doing it for centuries. 941 00:42:48,799 --> 00:42:50,668 JANE: That's wonderful. 942 00:42:50,734 --> 00:42:53,704 Now, they have adapted to the food, I'm sure, 943 00:42:53,771 --> 00:42:57,074 uh, uh, of India, they, the, the, 944 00:42:57,141 --> 00:42:58,776 the food that the people eat. 945 00:42:59,510 --> 00:43:02,646 I'm sure that their tummies have found a way to digest it now. 946 00:43:05,916 --> 00:43:08,786 KADUR: Oh, yes, absolutely. Oh, uh, normally, they used to be leaf eaters 947 00:43:08,852 --> 00:43:10,321 and living up in the canopy. 948 00:43:10,387 --> 00:43:13,524 But they have now adapted to a more terrestrial lifestyle. 949 00:43:13,591 --> 00:43:16,594 Uh, they've learned to live alongside humans, 950 00:43:16,660 --> 00:43:20,164 and they're adapted their diet to feed on fruit, bananas, 951 00:43:20,230 --> 00:43:21,732 grapes, and even peanuts. 952 00:43:22,399 --> 00:43:24,268 JANE: That's fantastic. And I know that they revere those monkeys. 953 00:43:24,335 --> 00:43:27,304 KADUR: And I've been filming these monkeys for, for many years now. 954 00:43:27,371 --> 00:43:30,040 JANE: Indeed, you have. And I know that they revere these monkeys 955 00:43:30,107 --> 00:43:32,676 like they did, like they do the god Hanuman, 956 00:43:32,743 --> 00:43:35,279 and it's just an amazing thing going on there in Jodhpur. 957 00:43:35,346 --> 00:43:38,816 Well, we're headed back live to East Africa from India 958 00:43:38,882 --> 00:43:41,385 to the plains of Kenya's Maasai Mara. 959 00:43:41,452 --> 00:43:42,886 Lions are up late tonight 960 00:43:42,953 --> 00:43:45,456 because the change of seasons has brought them a gift. 961 00:43:48,092 --> 00:43:51,428 PHIL: It's the most famous and spectacular migration on Earth. 962 00:43:52,029 --> 00:43:55,065 Right now, 1.3 million wildebeests, 963 00:43:55,132 --> 00:43:59,136 200,000 zebras, and hundreds of thousands of gazelles 964 00:43:59,203 --> 00:44:01,772 are fleeing the dry season in Tanzania 965 00:44:01,839 --> 00:44:03,507 for the lush grazing in Kenya. 966 00:44:05,009 --> 00:44:07,111 But it's not an idyllic paradise. 967 00:44:09,146 --> 00:44:10,047 It's an ambush. 968 00:44:12,816 --> 00:44:14,518 (cats roaring) 969 00:44:15,252 --> 00:44:18,222 PHIL: For the Savannah's predators, the hunt is on, 970 00:44:18,989 --> 00:44:22,026 especially for the most feared and majestic of them all... 971 00:44:24,795 --> 00:44:25,663 the lion. 972 00:44:41,211 --> 00:44:42,946 Extraordinary footage. 973 00:44:43,013 --> 00:44:47,317 Let's go back to National Geographic super cinematographer Sophie Darlington 974 00:44:47,384 --> 00:44:50,254 who is tracking a pride of lions, 975 00:44:50,320 --> 00:44:52,623 and we're gonna go back and join her live. 976 00:44:59,563 --> 00:45:01,899 SOPHIE (off screen): Oh, look. (laughs) 977 00:45:01,965 --> 00:45:05,169 I'm now with some slightly older cubs, 978 00:45:05,235 --> 00:45:06,770 and I... 979 00:45:06,837 --> 00:45:08,472 I'm sorry, but that is too cute. 980 00:45:08,539 --> 00:45:10,841 Look at that face. Little yawn. 981 00:45:10,908 --> 00:45:13,210 So these guys, we've got seven of them. 982 00:45:13,277 --> 00:45:15,045 They're about seven months older, 983 00:45:15,112 --> 00:45:18,115 and they are, they're not cuter than the little ones, 984 00:45:18,182 --> 00:45:21,218 but they are possibly-- 985 00:45:21,285 --> 00:45:22,853 because they're more mobile 986 00:45:22,920 --> 00:45:25,089 and they're following mums around to the kill. 987 00:45:25,155 --> 00:45:26,390 So we've got one here, 988 00:45:27,057 --> 00:45:28,892 and then there's another little puddle here. 989 00:45:30,360 --> 00:45:32,629 Fast asleep. And they're just heaven. 990 00:45:32,696 --> 00:45:36,633 And a thing I can't get over is that it's dark out there. 991 00:45:36,700 --> 00:45:40,571 I can't see anything, and yet, through this camera, 992 00:45:40,637 --> 00:45:44,374 I've got lion cubs in, in color. 993 00:45:44,441 --> 00:45:45,576 It's amazing. 994 00:46:00,958 --> 00:46:03,560 JANE: Thank you so much, Sophie. They are sound asleep. 995 00:46:03,627 --> 00:46:07,598 PHIL: I just love when we can just listen and take it all in like that. 996 00:46:07,664 --> 00:46:09,299 JANE: Hear Africa in our ears. 997 00:46:09,366 --> 00:46:11,235 Well, we'll be coming back to the lions 998 00:46:11,301 --> 00:46:13,737 and the Maasai Mara later in the show. 999 00:46:13,804 --> 00:46:15,839 Now, we didn't want to have to fly around the world 1000 00:46:15,906 --> 00:46:19,042 to meet these birds you're about to meet, so we just sent our cameras out, 1001 00:46:19,109 --> 00:46:20,878 and this is what they saw. Chris, tell us. 1002 00:46:20,944 --> 00:46:23,380 CHRIS: Yeah, let's do a bit of globetrotting, bird spotting. 1003 00:46:23,447 --> 00:46:24,915 Firstly, in Colorado. 1004 00:46:24,982 --> 00:46:26,416 And here we've got some ospreys. 1005 00:46:26,483 --> 00:46:29,386 Two youngsters in a nest with the adult there. 1006 00:46:29,453 --> 00:46:33,257 And the adult is doing a great job of keeping the sun off of them. 1007 00:46:33,323 --> 00:46:35,225 Doesn't want to get them too hot. 1008 00:46:35,292 --> 00:46:36,660 They can't thermoregulate, 1009 00:46:36,727 --> 00:46:38,662 regulate their own body temperature, at this stage, 1010 00:46:38,729 --> 00:46:40,063 so it's really important 1011 00:46:40,130 --> 00:46:41,331 that she keeps them 1012 00:46:41,398 --> 00:46:42,900 out of that direct sunlight. 1013 00:46:42,966 --> 00:46:45,035 All the way over in Hungary here. 1014 00:46:45,102 --> 00:46:49,106 This is the nest of a European scops owl, an insectivorous species. 1015 00:46:49,173 --> 00:46:51,975 You can see one of the youngsters in the nest there. 1016 00:46:52,042 --> 00:46:55,045 And here comes an adult, look, with a grasshopper. 1017 00:46:56,346 --> 00:46:59,183 And that's a perfect meal for that little chick. 1018 00:47:00,450 --> 00:47:01,919 Over in Romania, 1019 00:47:01,985 --> 00:47:04,188 we've got a family of white storks. 1020 00:47:04,254 --> 00:47:05,989 In the springtime, these adults would have come 1021 00:47:06,056 --> 00:47:07,858 all the way back from Africa. 1022 00:47:07,925 --> 00:47:11,061 The young are quite large now. They're gonna be fledging relatively soon. 1023 00:47:11,128 --> 00:47:15,365 Here's a question for you guys. How old do you think that nest is? 1024 00:47:15,432 --> 00:47:18,268 JANE: I, well-- I mean, did they just build it or is it something that-- 1025 00:47:18,335 --> 00:47:21,371 -PHIL: A year? -CHRIS: That nest is 70 years old. 1026 00:47:21,438 --> 00:47:22,472 -JANE: No. -CHRIS: Yeah. 1027 00:47:22,539 --> 00:47:25,609 It's on a church, and we have been monitoring these birds for 70 years. 1028 00:47:25,676 --> 00:47:28,545 They add to it every year. Not the same birds, but the same nest. 1029 00:47:28,612 --> 00:47:30,581 -And, Phil, what about this? -PHIL: Oh, I love this. 1030 00:47:30,647 --> 00:47:33,750 Look, Chris, take a little moment. I've got to say hello to New Zealand, 1031 00:47:33,817 --> 00:47:37,020 and if I'm not mistaken, that is the beautiful albatross. 1032 00:47:37,087 --> 00:47:39,056 CHRIS: It is. This is royal albatross, 1033 00:47:39,122 --> 00:47:41,325 one of the most impressive birds in the world, 1034 00:47:41,391 --> 00:47:42,793 one of the largest wingspans. 1035 00:47:42,860 --> 00:47:44,294 This is a youngster, too. 1036 00:47:44,361 --> 00:47:46,096 And it's gonna be in that nest 1037 00:47:46,163 --> 00:47:48,665 for more than 200 days before it flies. 1038 00:47:48,732 --> 00:47:50,634 It's one of the longest fledging periods 1039 00:47:50,701 --> 00:47:52,903 of any of our birds on Earth. 1040 00:47:52,970 --> 00:47:54,204 PHIL (off screen): Good morning, New Zealand. 1041 00:47:54,271 --> 00:47:55,839 JANE: "Good morning, New Zealand," is right. 1042 00:47:55,906 --> 00:47:57,407 We want to thank you for all of your comments 1043 00:47:57,474 --> 00:47:58,909 and the questions that you have been sending in 1044 00:47:58,976 --> 00:48:01,044 using the hashtag #EarthLive. 1045 00:48:01,612 --> 00:48:04,948 First, our first question. Oh, it's for me personally. 1046 00:48:05,015 --> 00:48:08,852 Um, I'm a Cancer, six foot nothing, and 124 pounds soaking wet, 1047 00:48:08,919 --> 00:48:10,354 and that part is a lie. 1048 00:48:10,721 --> 00:48:12,990 Okay. And this one, Chris, I've got a question for you, my friend. 1049 00:48:13,056 --> 00:48:15,225 -CHRIS (off screen): Okay. -JANE: Um, Oddbee asks, 1050 00:48:15,292 --> 00:48:17,561 "What is the purpose of the hyena laugh?" 1051 00:48:17,628 --> 00:48:19,596 CHRIS: Oddbee, well, the laugh of the hyena 1052 00:48:19,663 --> 00:48:22,065 is something that they do when they're very excited 1053 00:48:22,132 --> 00:48:23,400 not surprisingly. 1054 00:48:23,467 --> 00:48:25,235 But if they're being chased by another hyena, 1055 00:48:25,302 --> 00:48:26,503 maybe they run off with some food, 1056 00:48:26,570 --> 00:48:28,705 then they start this cackling giggle. 1057 00:48:28,772 --> 00:48:30,507 And it's all about communicating with them, 1058 00:48:30,574 --> 00:48:33,277 and it's normally produced when they're under stress. 1059 00:48:33,343 --> 00:48:34,912 JANE: We are going back to that hunt in the Mara. 1060 00:48:34,978 --> 00:48:37,214 I guess we have some breaking activity. 1061 00:48:37,281 --> 00:48:38,582 -So let's go back there. -PHIL: I hope so. 1062 00:48:38,649 --> 00:48:39,850 Fingers crossed. 1063 00:48:39,917 --> 00:48:41,318 CHRIS: Here she is again then. 1064 00:48:42,286 --> 00:48:43,620 Still poised. 1065 00:48:44,221 --> 00:48:45,522 Oh! She is up. 1066 00:48:46,256 --> 00:48:48,025 -PHIL: Oh. -CHRIS: She's off. And she's off. 1067 00:48:49,192 --> 00:48:51,795 Now she's gonna be running along at about 30 miles an hour. 1068 00:48:53,764 --> 00:48:55,198 ALL: Oh. 1069 00:48:55,265 --> 00:48:57,467 -PHIL: What happened there? -CHRIS: No. I think, I think... 1070 00:48:57,534 --> 00:48:58,602 To be honest with you, 1071 00:48:58,669 --> 00:49:01,104 I think she was too far away from those wildebeest. 1072 00:49:01,171 --> 00:49:03,340 And the minute, of course, she knows the game is up, 1073 00:49:03,407 --> 00:49:05,842 the minute she knows that they have spotted her, 1074 00:49:05,909 --> 00:49:07,144 she'll abandon the hunt. 1075 00:49:07,210 --> 00:49:09,046 PHIL: And, Chris, you mentioned just how low 1076 00:49:09,112 --> 00:49:10,547 the percentage of the strike rate is. 1077 00:49:10,614 --> 00:49:12,649 They must get exhausted if they haven't eaten. 1078 00:49:12,716 --> 00:49:14,217 CHRIS: That's right, but, I mean, they can switch 1079 00:49:14,284 --> 00:49:17,087 to feeding on smaller things if they can't catch a large animal. 1080 00:49:17,154 --> 00:49:19,690 I mean, lions, you know, they'll take a jackrabbit type of thing, 1081 00:49:19,756 --> 00:49:21,358 you know, those sorts of things. 1082 00:49:21,425 --> 00:49:23,927 But I imagine now, given the abundance of prey 1083 00:49:23,994 --> 00:49:25,996 that we've got out there in the bush, that she'll try 1084 00:49:26,063 --> 00:49:28,598 and find a place where there's a bit more cover 1085 00:49:28,665 --> 00:49:30,067 where she can get closer to them. 1086 00:49:30,133 --> 00:49:32,002 I think, honestly, she was just a bit too far away 1087 00:49:32,069 --> 00:49:32,970 from those wildebeest. 1088 00:49:33,036 --> 00:49:34,338 PHIL: I really want to see her get, 1089 00:49:34,404 --> 00:49:35,706 -get a meal tonight. -JANE: That would be great. 1090 00:49:35,772 --> 00:49:38,809 PHIL: Um, we're gonna return live to the coast of Alaska 1091 00:49:38,875 --> 00:49:41,745 where the SnotBot is just seconds away 1092 00:49:41,812 --> 00:49:44,448 from getting into position again. 1093 00:49:45,649 --> 00:49:49,019 Plus, something wild is going on in Kenya. 1094 00:49:49,086 --> 00:49:50,821 We know that on the Maasai Mara. 1095 00:49:50,887 --> 00:49:52,556 We'll be there when it happens. 1096 00:49:53,223 --> 00:49:55,926 Why? Well, because this is Earth Live. 1097 00:50:17,814 --> 00:50:21,118 JANE: Welcome back to Earth Live. Look at that eagle's eye view. 1098 00:50:21,184 --> 00:50:22,185 That's Widow. 1099 00:50:22,252 --> 00:50:25,088 This unprecedented global television event 1100 00:50:25,155 --> 00:50:27,624 takes you to where the animals live, hunt, play, 1101 00:50:27,691 --> 00:50:29,226 feed, and kill. 1102 00:50:29,292 --> 00:50:32,062 And the closer we get to them, the more respect we have. 1103 00:50:32,129 --> 00:50:33,630 I'm your host, Jane Lynch, 1104 00:50:33,697 --> 00:50:35,932 with expedition leader Phil Keoghan 1105 00:50:35,999 --> 00:50:37,267 and expert Chris Packham. 1106 00:50:37,868 --> 00:50:39,202 We've got so much more. 1107 00:50:39,269 --> 00:50:40,771 We've got 50 cameras all over the world 1108 00:50:40,837 --> 00:50:42,973 shooting from up in the air, under the sea, 1109 00:50:43,040 --> 00:50:44,975 in moonlight, and no light. 1110 00:50:45,042 --> 00:50:49,079 This is all happening in real time live while we watch. 1111 00:50:49,146 --> 00:50:53,617 Now, when we left our humpback whales, Dr. Kerr had just launched the SnotBot, 1112 00:50:53,683 --> 00:50:56,520 and our cameras will be there when it reaches the whales. 1113 00:50:57,554 --> 00:50:58,989 Oh, actually, we're gonna reach another whale. 1114 00:50:59,056 --> 00:51:01,324 We already saw one. This will be our second. 1115 00:51:01,391 --> 00:51:03,126 Our second, second SnotBot. 1116 00:51:03,193 --> 00:51:06,263 First, Chris, take us inside those magnificent beasts. 1117 00:51:07,431 --> 00:51:10,500 CHRIS: Humpback whales are one of the world's biggest movers. 1118 00:51:10,567 --> 00:51:12,669 So exactly how far do they travel? 1119 00:51:12,736 --> 00:51:18,408 Well, in the course of one year, more than 11,500 miles. 1120 00:51:18,475 --> 00:51:20,777 That's like swimming from New York to London 1121 00:51:20,844 --> 00:51:22,546 more than three times. 1122 00:51:22,612 --> 00:51:25,849 Length wise, well, they're about 60 feet in length 1123 00:51:25,916 --> 00:51:27,350 and when it comes to their weight, 1124 00:51:27,417 --> 00:51:29,419 they weigh in at 40 tons. 1125 00:51:29,486 --> 00:51:31,955 That's 80,000 pounds. 1126 00:51:32,022 --> 00:51:34,057 They have fat layers around their bodies 1127 00:51:34,124 --> 00:51:35,525 six inches thick, 1128 00:51:35,592 --> 00:51:38,595 and it's this which allows them to have huge reserves 1129 00:51:38,662 --> 00:51:41,898 and facilitate those long-distance migrations. 1130 00:51:41,965 --> 00:51:45,068 How long do they live? They live for up to 50 years. 1131 00:51:45,135 --> 00:51:48,672 Female whales become sexually mature at about five years old 1132 00:51:48,738 --> 00:51:51,441 and could potentially, therefore, have more than 15 calves 1133 00:51:51,508 --> 00:51:53,176 in their lifetime. 1134 00:51:53,243 --> 00:51:56,046 This species is also very famous for its song. 1135 00:51:56,113 --> 00:51:59,983 It's loud, too. 173 decibels. 1136 00:52:00,050 --> 00:52:01,518 Now, only the males sing, 1137 00:52:01,585 --> 00:52:05,455 and their songs can be heard from 20 miles away. 1138 00:52:05,522 --> 00:52:08,091 Lastly, how deep do they dive? 1139 00:52:08,158 --> 00:52:11,461 787 feet seems to be the record, 1140 00:52:11,528 --> 00:52:15,632 and they can also hold their breath for 45 minutes. 1141 00:52:15,699 --> 00:52:18,502 Jane, Phil, 45 minutes on one breath. 1142 00:52:18,568 --> 00:52:19,870 Beat that. 1143 00:52:19,936 --> 00:52:21,471 PHIL: 45 minutes? 1144 00:52:21,538 --> 00:52:22,706 -That's incredible. -JANE: Yeah. 1145 00:52:22,772 --> 00:52:24,474 PHIL: Well, you know, Dr. Ian Kerr has been getting 1146 00:52:24,541 --> 00:52:26,710 some samples, DNA samples from the whales. 1147 00:52:26,776 --> 00:52:29,513 And the SnotBot went out, got more samples, 1148 00:52:29,579 --> 00:52:32,816 and is now coming back to the boat in Alaska, 1149 00:52:32,883 --> 00:52:37,120 so we're going to join him there in Frederick Sound in Alaska. 1150 00:52:37,187 --> 00:52:40,323 And here's the SnotBot coming back for a landing. 1151 00:52:42,893 --> 00:52:44,961 -This was just a few minutes ago. -JANE: Yes. 1152 00:52:48,865 --> 00:52:50,734 -MAN: Engines off. -CHRIS: Yeah. 1153 00:52:50,800 --> 00:52:52,536 Now, it's got a very precious cargo. 1154 00:52:52,602 --> 00:52:53,970 It's got that whale snot, 1155 00:52:54,037 --> 00:52:56,306 which are the samples that they were after. 1156 00:52:56,873 --> 00:52:59,376 One of the first things I imagine they're gonna be looking at 1157 00:52:59,442 --> 00:53:01,111 once they've sterilized these 1158 00:53:01,178 --> 00:53:04,147 is any signs of the animals being under stress. 1159 00:53:04,214 --> 00:53:06,983 We know our whale populations have greatly diminished. 1160 00:53:07,050 --> 00:53:11,054 In the last century alone, we lost more than 1.3 million whales 1161 00:53:11,121 --> 00:53:13,857 from the Antarctic region alone. 1162 00:53:13,924 --> 00:53:16,560 So we're trying to encourage these populations to build up again, 1163 00:53:16,626 --> 00:53:18,995 and they won't do so if they're stressed. 1164 00:53:19,062 --> 00:53:22,132 We know that reduces their immune system just as it does ours. 1165 00:53:23,166 --> 00:53:25,769 So this was a bit of fun and we're enjoying the SnotBot, 1166 00:53:25,835 --> 00:53:27,804 and it was great fun seeing it get in the plume. 1167 00:53:27,871 --> 00:53:29,172 But there's some very serious science 1168 00:53:29,239 --> 00:53:30,941 -behind this as well, guys. -PHIL (off screen): Yeah. 1169 00:53:31,007 --> 00:53:33,577 -Thanks for legitimizing it. -JANE: Absolutely. 1170 00:53:33,643 --> 00:53:35,011 PHIL: I'd just like to fly a SnotBot. 1171 00:53:35,078 --> 00:53:37,847 JANE: Yeah, well, it's gonna keep the whales on this planet 1172 00:53:37,914 --> 00:53:41,551 for a good long time if we can make sure that they're not stressed, absolutely. 1173 00:53:41,618 --> 00:53:43,820 Well, the sun goes down now. 1174 00:53:43,887 --> 00:53:46,089 It sends a signal to many animals, 1175 00:53:46,756 --> 00:53:48,391 including us humans. 1176 00:53:48,458 --> 00:53:50,026 It's time to go to sleep. 1177 00:53:50,093 --> 00:53:51,728 Well, for some, it may signal 1178 00:53:51,795 --> 00:53:54,564 the time to eat pound cake over the sink in our underwear. 1179 00:53:54,631 --> 00:53:56,833 But for some animals, they have a special adaptation, 1180 00:53:56,900 --> 00:53:58,535 nature's night vision, 1181 00:53:58,602 --> 00:54:02,505 that let them become more active under the cover of darkness. 1182 00:54:02,572 --> 00:54:04,841 Now, the lion doesn't sleep tonight, it seems. 1183 00:54:04,908 --> 00:54:06,676 We're gonna go live to the Maasai 1184 00:54:06,743 --> 00:54:09,012 where it seems everybody is up. 1185 00:54:10,780 --> 00:54:13,416 CHRIS: Yeah, here we are with our thermal camera. 1186 00:54:13,483 --> 00:54:14,884 So we're not seeing in light here. 1187 00:54:14,951 --> 00:54:16,653 We're seeing in heat. 1188 00:54:16,720 --> 00:54:19,689 The white that you see are the hotter areas, 1189 00:54:19,756 --> 00:54:20,957 and these are wildebeests. 1190 00:54:21,024 --> 00:54:22,559 And you can see that what glows most brightly 1191 00:54:22,626 --> 00:54:25,262 are their eyes and their mouth, those warm areas. 1192 00:54:26,963 --> 00:54:29,599 And whilst there might be a vast number of these animals 1193 00:54:29,666 --> 00:54:31,701 in this part of Africa at the moment, 1194 00:54:31,768 --> 00:54:34,804 it still doesn't make them easy prey for the lions. 1195 00:54:34,871 --> 00:54:37,941 The balance between predator and prey is always very fine. 1196 00:54:38,008 --> 00:54:39,609 If all the lions ate all the wildebeests, 1197 00:54:39,676 --> 00:54:41,645 they'd soon be extinct, and then the lions would starve. 1198 00:54:41,711 --> 00:54:43,613 So it's a very fine balance. 1199 00:54:43,680 --> 00:54:46,850 But what we are looking at here is some currently very happy wildebeests. 1200 00:54:46,916 --> 00:54:48,852 They're ruminating, chewing the cud. 1201 00:54:48,918 --> 00:54:50,687 They would have been eating grass all day. 1202 00:54:50,754 --> 00:54:54,124 And they're sat down in the dark, still alert, of course, 1203 00:54:54,190 --> 00:54:56,059 because they know that they're in danger, 1204 00:54:56,126 --> 00:54:58,128 but they're taking a moment to reflect 1205 00:54:58,194 --> 00:54:59,462 on a day of munching grass. 1206 00:54:59,529 --> 00:55:01,598 PHIL: It's got to be a terrible feeling lying down 1207 00:55:01,665 --> 00:55:04,267 knowing that out there somewhere could be a lion. 1208 00:55:04,334 --> 00:55:06,469 -JANE: Yeah. -CHRIS (laughing): There is always that. 1209 00:55:06,536 --> 00:55:08,638 Well, they look pretty cozy at the moment, don't they? 1210 00:55:08,705 --> 00:55:11,641 Look at that. Look at when we pull wide. All of those dots there. 1211 00:55:11,708 --> 00:55:14,044 It looks like the light of a city or campfires 1212 00:55:14,110 --> 00:55:16,246 across the hill beyond a festival, 1213 00:55:16,313 --> 00:55:17,714 a pop festival. 1214 00:55:17,781 --> 00:55:20,550 -Each of those dots is an animal. -JANE: Wow. 1215 00:55:20,617 --> 00:55:22,952 CHRIS: A zebra, a wildebeest, a gazelle, 1216 00:55:23,019 --> 00:55:24,921 or maybe a lion. 1217 00:55:24,988 --> 00:55:27,057 PHIL: Massive migration going on right now. 1218 00:55:27,123 --> 00:55:29,959 CHRIS: Yeah. Yeah, we're talking more than a million of these animals 1219 00:55:30,026 --> 00:55:32,796 moving to get to these fresh pastures. 1220 00:55:32,862 --> 00:55:33,897 Look at that. 1221 00:55:36,099 --> 00:55:38,168 Incredible richness of life. 1222 00:55:38,768 --> 00:55:40,036 -It's great, isn't it... -JANE: Mm-hmm. 1223 00:55:40,103 --> 00:55:41,571 CHRIS: ...when you see that there are parts of the planet 1224 00:55:41,638 --> 00:55:43,907 where there's still plenty of animals living out there? 1225 00:55:43,973 --> 00:55:45,408 -JANE: Yeah. -CHRIS: Really reassuring. 1226 00:55:45,475 --> 00:55:46,743 JANE: It is, isn't it? 1227 00:55:46,810 --> 00:55:49,779 And just listen to the sounds. Isn't that amazing? 1228 00:55:49,846 --> 00:55:51,715 PHIL: Love that. That's my favorite part. 1229 00:55:51,781 --> 00:55:53,083 JANE: Yeah. The dead of night. 1230 00:55:54,084 --> 00:55:56,553 -Let's listen. -(animals grunting, chattering) 1231 00:55:59,989 --> 00:56:03,460 JANE: Wonderful. Well from, uh, the Maasai. 1232 00:56:03,526 --> 00:56:05,195 Uh, we've been seeing some activity 1233 00:56:05,261 --> 00:56:07,997 in your home country, Chris, in southern England. 1234 00:56:08,064 --> 00:56:10,867 And this is live, Chris. Something you know about. 1235 00:56:10,934 --> 00:56:13,036 Uh, badgers. 1236 00:56:13,103 --> 00:56:15,372 Now, I heard a rumor that you studied badger poop 1237 00:56:15,438 --> 00:56:17,006 at university for about three years. 1238 00:56:17,073 --> 00:56:18,308 -Is that true? -CHRIS: Uh, I, I did. 1239 00:56:18,375 --> 00:56:21,544 Actually, i-it was, it was five years, Jane. 1240 00:56:21,611 --> 00:56:24,080 Every Sunday, every Thursday night, 1241 00:56:24,147 --> 00:56:25,782 I got my hands deep in the badger poo 1242 00:56:25,849 --> 00:56:27,550 to find out what they were eating. 1243 00:56:27,917 --> 00:56:29,719 I was interested in their ecology. 1244 00:56:29,786 --> 00:56:32,522 Here, we have a couple... Well, this is more than ecology. 1245 00:56:32,589 --> 00:56:33,757 This is breeding behavior. 1246 00:56:33,823 --> 00:56:35,258 JANE: Oh, that's what I thought maybe that was. 1247 00:56:35,325 --> 00:56:36,659 She does not look into it. 1248 00:56:36,726 --> 00:56:37,994 -PHIL: Really? -JANE: Can I just say? 1249 00:56:38,061 --> 00:56:39,195 CHRIS: Sh-she's a bigger animal. 1250 00:56:39,262 --> 00:56:41,064 If she didn't want any of it, she should chuck him off. 1251 00:56:41,131 --> 00:56:42,899 -JANE: Well, then. -PHIL: Now, this was captured earlier. 1252 00:56:42,966 --> 00:56:44,834 I just want to let you guys know, so... 1253 00:56:44,901 --> 00:56:47,570 But this is rare, isn't it, to capture something like this? 1254 00:56:47,637 --> 00:56:50,006 CHRIS: I've watched these animals for five years pretty constantly. 1255 00:56:50,073 --> 00:56:51,841 I mean, put it this way, I didn't get many girlfriends. 1256 00:56:51,908 --> 00:56:53,476 I was always out looking at badgers. 1257 00:56:53,543 --> 00:56:55,545 PHIL: Well, you spent five years studying poo, Chris. 1258 00:56:55,612 --> 00:56:57,380 -I mean, come on! -(laughter) 1259 00:56:57,447 --> 00:56:58,615 CHRIS (off screen): But it's rare to see this. 1260 00:56:58,681 --> 00:57:01,017 And what's interesting is that they mate in the spring and summer, 1261 00:57:01,084 --> 00:57:03,319 but they don't give birth until the following spring. 1262 00:57:03,386 --> 00:57:05,655 -Now, how do you think they manage that? -JANE (off screen): I have no idea. 1263 00:57:05,722 --> 00:57:06,956 -PHIL: It's some kind of trick? -CHRIS: It is. 1264 00:57:07,023 --> 00:57:09,759 It's a biological trick called delayed implantation. 1265 00:57:09,826 --> 00:57:11,861 So the fertilize the ova, 1266 00:57:11,928 --> 00:57:14,130 but they don't implant them in the uterus. 1267 00:57:14,197 --> 00:57:16,699 And the benefit of this is that they can judge 1268 00:57:16,766 --> 00:57:19,302 throughout the winter period how much body weight they put on, 1269 00:57:19,369 --> 00:57:21,938 how fit the females are going into the spring. 1270 00:57:22,005 --> 00:57:23,873 If they're big, healthy animals, 1271 00:57:23,940 --> 00:57:26,810 they'll implant more of those eggs and have larger litters. 1272 00:57:26,876 --> 00:57:28,311 If they have a lean winter 1273 00:57:28,378 --> 00:57:30,547 and they think they can't produce enough milk and rear them, 1274 00:57:30,613 --> 00:57:32,081 then they'll only implant a couple of them. 1275 00:57:32,148 --> 00:57:35,051 And it's a means of them regulating their behavior 1276 00:57:35,118 --> 00:57:36,920 so that they don't exhaust themselves 1277 00:57:36,986 --> 00:57:39,222 and also give birth to animals that simply couldn't survive. 1278 00:57:39,289 --> 00:57:41,791 JANE (off screen): Well, that is like a badger Planned Parenthood, 1279 00:57:41,858 --> 00:57:42,992 and it works for them. 1280 00:57:43,059 --> 00:57:45,462 All right, people of the world, 1281 00:57:45,528 --> 00:57:48,765 we are turning our cameras on you again. 1282 00:57:48,832 --> 00:57:50,266 Here are three of our animals. 1283 00:57:50,333 --> 00:57:52,535 Using social media, vote for your favorite animal 1284 00:57:52,602 --> 00:57:54,771 using the hashtags #LiveCrocodiles, 1285 00:57:54,838 --> 00:57:56,973 #LiveLangurs, or #LiveAnts. 1286 00:57:57,040 --> 00:57:58,908 And if your choice gets the most votes, 1287 00:57:58,975 --> 00:58:00,310 we'll take you to that animal. 1288 00:58:00,376 --> 00:58:02,545 And we'll be right back after this word. 1289 00:58:13,590 --> 00:58:14,824 JANE: Welcome back to Earth Live. 1290 00:58:14,891 --> 00:58:16,559 Um, we have a wolverine. 1291 00:58:16,626 --> 00:58:19,262 Uh, we were hoping that this would happen live. 1292 00:58:19,329 --> 00:58:20,697 The elusive wolverine. 1293 00:58:20,763 --> 00:58:23,433 The chances of finding one of these guys was quite rare, 1294 00:58:23,500 --> 00:58:24,868 and here we are in Finland. 1295 00:58:24,934 --> 00:58:26,769 Um, there's your wolverine. 1296 00:58:26,836 --> 00:58:28,304 -PHIL: I love that we got this, Jane. -JANE: Yeah. 1297 00:58:28,371 --> 00:58:29,906 PHIL: This is, this is what we wanted 1298 00:58:29,973 --> 00:58:34,377 because there are only around 200 of these in all of Finland, 1299 00:58:34,444 --> 00:58:37,146 which is about 117,000 square miles, 1300 00:58:37,213 --> 00:58:38,715 which is about the size of Colorado. 1301 00:58:38,781 --> 00:58:40,650 And, Chris, this is pretty remarkable. 1302 00:58:40,717 --> 00:58:42,285 CHRIS: This is remarkable, yeah. 1303 00:58:42,352 --> 00:58:43,620 They're one of my favorite animals. 1304 00:58:43,686 --> 00:58:44,754 Just look at this. 1305 00:58:44,821 --> 00:58:46,756 They're a member of the weasel family. 1306 00:58:46,823 --> 00:58:48,725 PHIL: And what a shot! Look at this shot. 1307 00:58:48,791 --> 00:58:50,426 -CHRIS: I know, I know. -JANE: We've been waiting for four days 1308 00:58:50,493 --> 00:58:52,362 to see one of these, one of these guys. 1309 00:58:52,428 --> 00:58:54,030 -PHIL: That's why we're so excited. -JANE: Excited that it's-- 1310 00:58:54,097 --> 00:58:56,266 CHRIS: Related to weasels, anyway, otters, badgers, 1311 00:58:56,332 --> 00:58:57,500 those sorts of things. 1312 00:58:57,567 --> 00:58:58,835 They live in the extreme north. 1313 00:58:58,902 --> 00:59:00,703 You get them all the way round the top of the planet. 1314 00:59:00,770 --> 00:59:02,972 So they're here in Finland, you get them in Canada, 1315 00:59:03,039 --> 00:59:04,741 and some of the United States, too, 1316 00:59:04,807 --> 00:59:06,342 all the way round Russia. 1317 00:59:06,409 --> 00:59:08,077 But they've got very powerful jaws 1318 00:59:08,144 --> 00:59:11,748 for breaking open frozen carcasses in the wintertime. 1319 00:59:11,814 --> 00:59:13,816 In fact, one of the molars in the back of their mouth 1320 00:59:13,883 --> 00:59:15,418 is rotated through 90 degrees, 1321 00:59:15,485 --> 00:59:19,022 and it gives them the ability to smash into frozen carcasses and bones. 1322 00:59:19,088 --> 00:59:21,491 So a very, very powerful scavenger 1323 00:59:21,558 --> 00:59:23,626 and quite a powerful predator as well. 1324 00:59:23,693 --> 00:59:25,194 JANE: Chris, you know too much. This is just amazing. 1325 00:59:25,261 --> 00:59:26,396 PHIL: He knows so much, doesn't he? 1326 00:59:26,462 --> 00:59:28,298 JANE: A turned molar at 90 degrees. 1327 00:59:28,364 --> 00:59:30,066 PHIL: How would you even know that? But I-- 1328 00:59:30,133 --> 00:59:32,135 Listen, something you said earlier, which was that 1329 00:59:32,201 --> 00:59:34,337 there are people that study these wolverines 1330 00:59:34,404 --> 00:59:36,472 and they may never ever see one. 1331 00:59:36,539 --> 00:59:38,508 CHRIS: They occur at incredibly low densities. 1332 00:59:38,575 --> 00:59:41,844 It's just like you said, Phil, you know. Only 200 in Finland. 1333 00:59:41,911 --> 00:59:43,613 In the southern states of America, 1334 00:59:43,680 --> 00:59:46,616 the southern 48 states, probably only 300. 1335 00:59:46,683 --> 00:59:48,484 Males, like this animal here, 1336 00:59:48,551 --> 00:59:51,821 have a range of 350 square miles. 1337 00:59:51,888 --> 00:59:54,791 Just one wolverine in 350 square miles. 1338 00:59:54,857 --> 00:59:56,993 But the reason they have turned up is simple. 1339 00:59:57,060 --> 01:00:00,029 They've got a remarkable sense of smell. 1340 01:00:00,096 --> 01:00:03,433 -PHIL: How remarkable? -CHRIS: Well, they've got twice the area 1341 01:00:03,499 --> 01:00:06,235 inside their nose that a bloodhound does, 1342 01:00:06,302 --> 01:00:12,175 and a bloodhound has 230 million sensory cells picking up smell. 1343 01:00:12,241 --> 01:00:14,010 So they they've probably got a sense of smell 1344 01:00:14,077 --> 01:00:16,012 which is at least twice better than a bloodhound. 1345 01:00:16,546 --> 01:00:19,082 PHIL: And you said they can smell food from two miles away? 1346 01:00:19,148 --> 01:00:21,484 CHRIS: Two miles away. And sometimes in the winter 1347 01:00:21,551 --> 01:00:23,519 from many feet beneath the snow, 1348 01:00:23,586 --> 01:00:26,789 they'll find hibernating animals there or those carcasses. 1349 01:00:26,856 --> 01:00:29,926 And somehow or other, they've sniffed it and turned up 1350 01:00:29,993 --> 01:00:31,227 and what a show they've put on. 1351 01:00:31,294 --> 01:00:32,261 -JANE: Oh. -(bird squawks) 1352 01:00:32,328 --> 01:00:33,796 PHIL: I don't want to leave the wolverine, Jane. 1353 01:00:33,863 --> 01:00:35,932 But, you know, the people want to know 1354 01:00:35,999 --> 01:00:37,467 what the winning animal is. 1355 01:00:37,533 --> 01:00:39,602 -JANE: Exactly. -PHIL: You'd like to know, Chris. 1356 01:00:39,669 --> 01:00:42,038 The winning animal is... 1357 01:00:42,105 --> 01:00:43,306 a crocodile! 1358 01:00:43,740 --> 01:00:45,375 That's what you want to see. 1359 01:00:45,441 --> 01:00:47,377 -CHRIS: Oh, look at that. -JANE: So what do we have here, Chris? 1360 01:00:47,443 --> 01:00:48,945 CHRIS: Hey, you guys, how do you feel standing there? 1361 01:00:49,012 --> 01:00:50,113 (light laughter) 1362 01:00:50,179 --> 01:00:52,615 Beneath this dinosaur relic, 1363 01:00:52,682 --> 01:00:54,951 I mean, this is an estuarine crocodile. 1364 01:00:55,018 --> 01:00:56,986 They are enormous animals. 1365 01:00:57,053 --> 01:01:00,223 Incredibly powerful, ambush predators. 1366 01:01:00,289 --> 01:01:02,225 PHIL: I'm hoping this is a remote camera, Jane, 1367 01:01:02,291 --> 01:01:03,860 because I don't think 1368 01:01:03,926 --> 01:01:06,229 you want to be that close to a saltwater crocodile. 1369 01:01:06,295 --> 01:01:10,266 CHRIS: Not even Andy Casagrande is gonna be in alongside this guy. 1370 01:01:10,333 --> 01:01:11,768 There's no doubt about that. 1371 01:01:11,834 --> 01:01:14,337 -JANE: Oh, wow. Just amazing. -PHIL: And very murky water. 1372 01:01:14,404 --> 01:01:15,972 CHRIS: Yeah. Murky water. They don't mind that. 1373 01:01:16,039 --> 01:01:18,941 As I say, they like to hide with just their eyes peeping out, 1374 01:01:19,008 --> 01:01:20,710 ready to ambush something. 1375 01:01:20,777 --> 01:01:23,513 JANE: Well, in, uh, in the world, the animal world, 1376 01:01:23,579 --> 01:01:24,947 there are two very important issues. 1377 01:01:25,014 --> 01:01:27,583 The first thing is to eat. You need to eat. 1378 01:01:27,650 --> 01:01:29,052 -PHIL: Always important. -JANE: Always important. 1379 01:01:29,118 --> 01:01:31,254 Number two is to avoid being eaten. 1380 01:01:31,320 --> 01:01:33,456 Now, if you're not born with the instinct, you have to learn, 1381 01:01:33,523 --> 01:01:37,760 like the way lions teach their young to hunt by example. 1382 01:01:37,827 --> 01:01:38,928 Here's another example. 1383 01:01:38,995 --> 01:01:40,563 It's monkey see, monkey do 1384 01:01:40,630 --> 01:01:44,167 as we return live to Koram Island in Thailand 1385 01:01:44,233 --> 01:01:45,735 and our macaque friends. 1386 01:01:46,235 --> 01:01:47,537 -Chris? -CHRIS: Yeah. 1387 01:01:47,603 --> 01:01:50,573 Well, as you say, it's monkey see, monkey do. 1388 01:01:50,640 --> 01:01:52,542 Not only are they using tools, 1389 01:01:52,608 --> 01:01:54,744 but they are also teaching each other 1390 01:01:54,811 --> 01:01:58,181 through a process called social or cultural learning. 1391 01:01:58,848 --> 01:02:02,351 So the young monkeys watch the other monkeys using the tools, 1392 01:02:02,418 --> 01:02:03,686 and they learn by observation. 1393 01:02:03,753 --> 01:02:06,022 We do this ourselves. How many times have you watched someone 1394 01:02:06,089 --> 01:02:09,025 you know, making something in the kitchen or fixing a car? 1395 01:02:09,092 --> 01:02:10,727 You don't make the same mistakes they do. 1396 01:02:10,793 --> 01:02:12,261 You go straight to the answer, 1397 01:02:12,328 --> 01:02:13,696 and that's what these animals do. 1398 01:02:13,763 --> 01:02:16,833 So again, a unique feature of primate life. 1399 01:02:16,899 --> 01:02:19,569 PHIL: Chris, there seems to be a lot of empty shells here. 1400 01:02:19,635 --> 01:02:22,505 Is that because they've literally just eaten the food away? 1401 01:02:22,572 --> 01:02:24,607 CHRIS: Either they have or something else has. 1402 01:02:24,674 --> 01:02:27,577 Yeah, they've broken them open. And look. Again, look at this. 1403 01:02:31,013 --> 01:02:32,749 Oh, that is amazing. 1404 01:02:32,815 --> 01:02:34,350 That's amazing. 1405 01:02:35,518 --> 01:02:37,820 PHIL: Do you think he knows he's on camera right now? 1406 01:02:37,887 --> 01:02:39,055 (light laughter) 1407 01:02:39,122 --> 01:02:40,923 -CHRIS: Oh. -JANE: Doubt it. 1408 01:02:40,990 --> 01:02:42,325 I'm glad he showed up, though. 1409 01:02:42,391 --> 01:02:45,628 CHRIS: Yeah. Whoever paid the monkey, it was money well spent. 1410 01:02:45,695 --> 01:02:48,731 PHIL: I'm guessing they get a few shells in their food sometimes. 1411 01:02:48,798 --> 01:02:50,600 CHRIS: Yeah, they don't get a clean oyster. 1412 01:02:50,666 --> 01:02:52,468 -No Tabasco or lemon for them. -(Jane laughs) 1413 01:02:52,535 --> 01:02:56,539 CHRIS: And they'll, you know, obviously filter out all of that material. 1414 01:02:56,606 --> 01:02:58,141 -PHIL: Big teeth. -JANE: Yeah, big teeth. Look at that. 1415 01:02:58,207 --> 01:02:59,575 CHRIS: Yeah. Good teeth. 1416 01:02:59,642 --> 01:03:02,445 And these monkeys are also very happy around water. 1417 01:03:02,512 --> 01:03:05,314 They like to bivouac overnight over water, 1418 01:03:05,381 --> 01:03:07,083 and if they're disturbed by a predator, 1419 01:03:07,150 --> 01:03:09,786 their tactic is to fall out of the tree into the river, 1420 01:03:09,852 --> 01:03:11,788 into the estuary, and swim away. 1421 01:03:11,854 --> 01:03:13,122 So unlike many primates, 1422 01:03:13,189 --> 01:03:15,825 this species is actually a very good swimmer as well. 1423 01:03:15,892 --> 01:03:17,426 PHIL: Wow. It's just getting better and better. 1424 01:03:17,493 --> 01:03:20,062 We've got to, we've got to give a shout-out to our cinematographers 1425 01:03:20,129 --> 01:03:23,299 who are just bringing us these incredible images. 1426 01:03:23,366 --> 01:03:25,902 Well, we are tracking wildlife in the Maasai Mara 1427 01:03:25,968 --> 01:03:27,770 with our thermal camera. 1428 01:03:28,304 --> 01:03:31,874 We have bats that are leaving there, 1429 01:03:31,941 --> 01:03:33,643 on their night rider mission right now. 1430 01:03:33,709 --> 01:03:38,047 And soon, millions of bats are going to fill the skies of Texas. 1431 01:03:38,748 --> 01:03:42,151 And then let's not forget that we're gonna be going back to Ethiopia 1432 01:03:42,218 --> 01:03:46,522 where man and hyena get together for a bite, 1433 01:03:46,589 --> 01:03:48,391 a very powerful bite. 1434 01:03:48,457 --> 01:03:50,059 This is Earth Live. 1435 01:03:59,468 --> 01:04:02,004 JANE: A few moments with our saltwater crocodile 1436 01:04:02,071 --> 01:04:04,674 enjoying his home in Australia's billabong. 1437 01:04:05,474 --> 01:04:07,677 Well, here is the view as the sun is setting 1438 01:04:07,743 --> 01:04:09,345 across the western United States. 1439 01:04:09,412 --> 01:04:11,981 The scene from the International Space Station 1440 01:04:12,048 --> 01:04:17,520 orbiting the Earth at over 17,000 miles per hour. 1441 01:04:17,587 --> 01:04:20,156 -PHIL: Ah! What a sight. -JANE: Yep. 1442 01:04:20,223 --> 01:04:22,458 PHIL: And the same sun is setting 1443 01:04:22,525 --> 01:04:25,895 on the Bracken Cave near San Antonio, Texas, 1444 01:04:25,962 --> 01:04:29,465 where the skies are continuing to explode with bats. 1445 01:04:29,532 --> 01:04:31,434 Amazing bats. 1446 01:04:31,500 --> 01:04:34,237 And it may look like a cloud or a storm, 1447 01:04:34,303 --> 01:04:36,806 but you are looking at millions of bats 1448 01:04:36,873 --> 01:04:38,507 that are exiting the cave. 1449 01:04:38,574 --> 01:04:41,110 It is a swarming bat-icane. 1450 01:04:41,177 --> 01:04:42,211 (Jane chuckles) 1451 01:04:42,278 --> 01:04:43,312 PHIL: Look at that. 1452 01:04:44,280 --> 01:04:46,249 Slowly making their way out. 1453 01:04:46,315 --> 01:04:47,984 The sun has set, 1454 01:04:48,050 --> 01:04:50,253 and we have our moonlight cameras. 1455 01:04:50,319 --> 01:04:53,089 These moonlight cameras, we would not be able to see anything 1456 01:04:53,155 --> 01:04:54,423 if we were using ordinary cameras, 1457 01:04:54,490 --> 01:04:58,160 but these moonlight cameras allow us to see. 1458 01:04:58,227 --> 01:05:02,098 And let's look back on something that we got a little while ago of a hawk 1459 01:05:02,164 --> 01:05:04,867 that's feeding on these bats coming out of the cave. 1460 01:05:04,934 --> 01:05:07,670 And what an amazing predator this is, Chris. 1461 01:05:07,737 --> 01:05:10,773 CHRIS: Yeah. Well you've got to see these bats as bat burgers. 1462 01:05:10,840 --> 01:05:12,408 There were so many of them there 1463 01:05:12,475 --> 01:05:15,478 that this is a takeaway for many predators every night. 1464 01:05:15,544 --> 01:05:18,014 So predatory birds like these red-tailed hawks, 1465 01:05:18,080 --> 01:05:19,382 Swainson hawk... 1466 01:05:19,448 --> 01:05:21,617 Look at that. It's just helped itself to a little bat. 1467 01:05:21,684 --> 01:05:22,952 PHIL: Did it just grab a bat? 1468 01:05:23,019 --> 01:05:23,953 CHRIS: Yeah. (chuckles) 1469 01:05:24,020 --> 01:05:25,955 PHIL: It was very difficult to see. It happened so fast. 1470 01:05:26,022 --> 01:05:27,924 CHRIS: But there were so many, and it's so predictable 1471 01:05:27,990 --> 01:05:29,091 they're gonna come out every night. 1472 01:05:29,158 --> 01:05:31,093 I mean, this is like a supermarket opening. 1473 01:05:31,160 --> 01:05:33,763 You pop up every night, and you get free food, 1474 01:05:33,829 --> 01:05:35,898 so it's bound to attract lots of predators. 1475 01:05:35,965 --> 01:05:37,566 We see them in the air and also on the ground. 1476 01:05:37,633 --> 01:05:38,634 But, guys, look at this. 1477 01:05:38,701 --> 01:05:41,003 This is a weather-satellite view 1478 01:05:41,070 --> 01:05:43,940 of the area surrounding Bracken Cave. 1479 01:05:44,006 --> 01:05:49,078 Now, what you're looking at there in terms of the red and the yellow are clouds. 1480 01:05:49,145 --> 01:05:53,316 But this here in the center is Bracken Cave. 1481 01:05:53,382 --> 01:05:56,452 Here are some other caves here with the bats emerging, 1482 01:05:56,519 --> 01:05:57,887 and look at this. 1483 01:05:57,954 --> 01:06:01,624 They are flying out and covering a huge area. 1484 01:06:01,691 --> 01:06:05,895 This is 100 miles away from the entrance to Bracken Cave. 1485 01:06:05,962 --> 01:06:07,463 They may not all be coming from there, 1486 01:06:07,530 --> 01:06:09,932 but you can see that they're in such significant numbers, 1487 01:06:09,999 --> 01:06:11,934 they're showing up on weather satellites. 1488 01:06:12,001 --> 01:06:14,203 -That's how many bats we've got out there. PHIL: 20 million. 1489 01:06:14,270 --> 01:06:17,139 20 million of these, Chris. It's hard to even imagine that. 1490 01:06:17,206 --> 01:06:20,409 CHRIS: And they're doing a brilliant job for the farmers of Texas. 1491 01:06:20,476 --> 01:06:23,045 They go out, and they feed on cotton bollworm, 1492 01:06:23,112 --> 01:06:28,851 and they save farmers in Texas around $2 million a year in pest control. 1493 01:06:28,918 --> 01:06:30,052 -PHIL: Love it. -JANE: That's wonderful. 1494 01:06:30,119 --> 01:06:32,755 Well, from bat time to monkey time. 1495 01:06:32,822 --> 01:06:35,191 We're returning live to Jodhpur, India, 1496 01:06:35,257 --> 01:06:38,294 where we left premier cinematographer Sandesh Kadur 1497 01:06:38,361 --> 01:06:41,030 uh, trying to cozy up to the langurs. 1498 01:06:41,097 --> 01:06:42,164 Sandesh. 1499 01:06:45,301 --> 01:06:46,802 -PHIL: Oh. -MAN: It's still too wide. 1500 01:06:46,869 --> 01:06:48,104 KADUR (off screen): Hey, Jane. 1501 01:06:53,776 --> 01:06:56,846 We're back here with the langurs in Jodhpur, 1502 01:06:56,912 --> 01:07:00,383 and it's so amazing just to be here and watch them. 1503 01:07:00,449 --> 01:07:03,319 There's never a dull moment with these guys. 1504 01:07:03,386 --> 01:07:06,822 They're always hopping around, jumping, playing, fighting. 1505 01:07:06,889 --> 01:07:08,457 Look at the young one over there. 1506 01:07:08,524 --> 01:07:10,726 There are so many babies here. 1507 01:07:26,709 --> 01:07:27,910 Back to you in New York. 1508 01:07:28,811 --> 01:07:30,579 CHRIS: Langur monkey here. 1509 01:07:30,646 --> 01:07:33,749 They're a very successful group of animals, these langurs. 1510 01:07:33,816 --> 01:07:36,352 They can go from sea level to high up in the mountains, 1511 01:07:36,419 --> 01:07:40,022 all sorts of different habitats, open frost, drier areas, too. 1512 01:07:40,089 --> 01:07:42,758 They adapt so well, it's not surprising that they have adapted 1513 01:07:42,825 --> 01:07:44,760 to living in cities. 1514 01:07:44,827 --> 01:07:46,695 And they've got an extraordinary digestive system. 1515 01:07:46,762 --> 01:07:49,632 They can eat very many toxic fruits and leaves 1516 01:07:49,698 --> 01:07:51,333 that other animals can't eat. 1517 01:07:51,400 --> 01:07:53,836 And they've got anaerobic bacteria in their guts 1518 01:07:53,903 --> 01:07:56,305 which break these down and break the toxins down 1519 01:07:56,372 --> 01:07:57,807 so they can digest them. 1520 01:07:58,908 --> 01:08:00,242 PHIL: Ah, they move quick. 1521 01:08:02,912 --> 01:08:06,682 JANE: Well, we want to check on the progress of the weaver ants. 1522 01:08:06,749 --> 01:08:08,250 Let's find out more about them 1523 01:08:08,317 --> 01:08:10,553 as Chris takes us inside the beast. 1524 01:08:12,021 --> 01:08:13,856 CHRIS: I love insects, but I'm rather pleased 1525 01:08:13,923 --> 01:08:16,792 that there were none this big roaming around out there. 1526 01:08:16,859 --> 01:08:18,994 But what about the ants? Let's get some stats. 1527 01:08:19,061 --> 01:08:22,998 Well, firstly, these little girls, and all of the workforce are female, 1528 01:08:23,065 --> 01:08:25,734 grow to a third of an inch in length. 1529 01:08:25,801 --> 01:08:28,237 Weight-wise, it's five milligrams, 1530 01:08:28,304 --> 01:08:30,506 which is virtually nothing, of course. 1531 01:08:30,573 --> 01:08:32,808 So they're small, but they're also very smart. 1532 01:08:32,875 --> 01:08:36,812 These weaver ants herd aphids just like farmers herd cows, 1533 01:08:36,879 --> 01:08:39,682 milking them for their precious honeydew. 1534 01:08:39,748 --> 01:08:42,418 Their colonies are absolutely massive. 1535 01:08:42,485 --> 01:08:45,221 Yes, half a million individual organisms, 1536 01:08:45,287 --> 01:08:47,223 and they charge through an environment, 1537 01:08:47,289 --> 01:08:49,358 building nest after nest. 1538 01:08:49,425 --> 01:08:50,326 What about these nests? 1539 01:08:50,392 --> 01:08:52,695 Well, they're made up of 300 leaves, 1540 01:08:52,761 --> 01:08:55,297 and they can be bigger than 20 inches across. 1541 01:08:55,364 --> 01:08:57,733 That's bigger than a basketball. 1542 01:08:57,800 --> 01:09:00,402 They might be tiny, but they're incredibly strong. 1543 01:09:00,469 --> 01:09:04,573 Yes, these organisms can carry 100 times their own body weight. 1544 01:09:04,640 --> 01:09:06,842 That's like a human being, that's like me and you 1545 01:09:06,909 --> 01:09:09,378 lifting up a killer whale. 1546 01:09:09,445 --> 01:09:10,779 What about the global population? 1547 01:09:10,846 --> 01:09:12,481 Try and get your head around this. 1548 01:09:12,548 --> 01:09:17,186 Yes, it's said, it's thought to be up to 10,000 trillion ants. 1549 01:09:17,253 --> 01:09:19,788 Guys, I can't imagine 10,000 trillion, 1550 01:09:19,855 --> 01:09:22,992 but whatever it is, it's a huge number of ants. 1551 01:09:23,058 --> 01:09:24,960 PHIL: That is bigger than the national debt. 1552 01:09:25,027 --> 01:09:27,563 JANE: Well, it's nice to know there's a bigger number out there. 1553 01:09:27,630 --> 01:09:29,932 I didn't even know that. That sounds like a fake number. 1554 01:09:29,999 --> 01:09:32,768 Just like the 90 degree turn of the tooth, it just sounds fake. 1555 01:09:32,835 --> 01:09:35,371 Well, let's go back to Queensland, Australia, live now 1556 01:09:35,437 --> 01:09:37,473 to see how our weaver ants are doing 1557 01:09:37,540 --> 01:09:41,110 on their rainforest view luxury condo project. 1558 01:09:41,177 --> 01:09:42,511 CHRIS: Yeah. Here they are, Jane. 1559 01:09:42,578 --> 01:09:44,180 Still very active. 1560 01:09:44,246 --> 01:09:47,516 And you've got to think of these things as a super organism. 1561 01:09:47,583 --> 01:09:51,253 Not just one, but many working for the good of all. 1562 01:09:51,320 --> 01:09:55,057 And they're communicating with each other the whole time. 1563 01:09:55,124 --> 01:09:56,659 And you can see in the center here, 1564 01:09:56,725 --> 01:09:59,895 some of these animals holding onto those leaves with their jaws, 1565 01:09:59,962 --> 01:10:02,131 holding that leaf into position 1566 01:10:02,198 --> 01:10:03,966 whilst hopefully, some of the others 1567 01:10:04,033 --> 01:10:06,735 have gone for those glue guns that you mentioned earlier, the larvae, 1568 01:10:06,802 --> 01:10:09,605 and they'll come back and start stitching them all together. 1569 01:10:09,672 --> 01:10:11,607 PHIL: Chris, this is really a wonderful shot 1570 01:10:11,674 --> 01:10:13,776 to be able to see what it is they're trying to achieve. 1571 01:10:13,842 --> 01:10:17,246 CHRIS: Yeah. Yeah. They're trying to build themselves a bit of security 1572 01:10:17,313 --> 01:10:19,348 from the weather, from the rain, from the sun, 1573 01:10:19,415 --> 01:10:21,050 and also from predators, too. 1574 01:10:21,116 --> 01:10:22,318 And they're quick at what they do. 1575 01:10:22,384 --> 01:10:25,454 You know, they will build a nest like this in, in a day. 1576 01:10:25,521 --> 01:10:27,656 When it dries out, all the leaves die and dry out, 1577 01:10:27,723 --> 01:10:30,859 they then have to move and build another nest elsewhere. 1578 01:10:30,926 --> 01:10:32,494 PHIL: I have a confession. 1579 01:10:32,561 --> 01:10:34,396 I have eaten one of these ants. 1580 01:10:34,463 --> 01:10:37,800 -CHRIS: You've eaten the ants? -PHIL: I, I ate them in Venezuela, yes. 1581 01:10:37,866 --> 01:10:39,201 They're tasty little ants. 1582 01:10:39,268 --> 01:10:40,736 I've got to tell you. They eat them there. 1583 01:10:40,803 --> 01:10:41,937 JANE: Did they taste like chicken? 1584 01:10:42,004 --> 01:10:44,206 PHIL: No, they tasted like little citrus snacks. 1585 01:10:44,273 --> 01:10:45,774 JANE: Oh, okay. 1586 01:10:45,841 --> 01:10:47,343 CHRIS: Do you know what? I'm glad you said that. 1587 01:10:47,409 --> 01:10:48,744 In some parts of Thailand, 1588 01:10:48,811 --> 01:10:50,980 they collect the larvae of these ants 1589 01:10:51,046 --> 01:10:53,749 and they charge twice as much as prime beef for them, 1590 01:10:53,816 --> 01:10:55,217 and people pay it. 1591 01:10:55,284 --> 01:10:57,786 Entomophagy, eating insects. 1592 01:10:57,853 --> 01:11:00,789 And they think that because of how expensive it is to farm beef, 1593 01:11:00,856 --> 01:11:03,259 we may all, at some stage in the future, 1594 01:11:03,325 --> 01:11:04,994 have to start eating a lot more insects. 1595 01:11:05,060 --> 01:11:06,929 What about you, Jane? Are you gonna get your teeth into those? 1596 01:11:06,996 --> 01:11:08,163 JANE: I haven't, but if I had to, I would. 1597 01:11:08,230 --> 01:11:09,198 PHIL: They get caught in your teeth. 1598 01:11:09,265 --> 01:11:10,466 JANE: What? Hey, listen. 1599 01:11:10,532 --> 01:11:14,036 Let's check in with our camera streaming live from, from Somerset, 1600 01:11:14,103 --> 01:11:15,504 uh, in the South of England. 1601 01:11:15,571 --> 01:11:18,641 And I understand we have a visitor there, unexpected. 1602 01:11:18,707 --> 01:11:19,842 It's in the middle of the night, 1603 01:11:19,908 --> 01:11:22,978 a quiet time for a variety of nocturnal mammals. 1604 01:11:23,045 --> 01:11:25,814 We're looking at a location where the animals come to feed. 1605 01:11:25,881 --> 01:11:28,951 Now, Chris, this is practically your back yard. What are we looking at? 1606 01:11:29,018 --> 01:11:31,687 CHRIS: Well, we're here, we're looking at European badgers. 1607 01:11:31,754 --> 01:11:33,322 And these are social animals. 1608 01:11:33,389 --> 01:11:37,693 Live together in clans of five to 10, sometimes up to 20. 1609 01:11:37,760 --> 01:11:42,197 Um, and these are foraging out there in the woodland. 1610 01:11:42,264 --> 01:11:45,401 Very much like the North American badger, of course. 1611 01:11:45,467 --> 01:11:48,270 And in fact, a little bit like the honey badger in Africa, 1612 01:11:48,337 --> 01:11:50,172 but not quite as robust. 1613 01:11:51,006 --> 01:11:52,975 Another animal we have seen here earlier is this. 1614 01:11:53,042 --> 01:11:54,276 -This is the red fox. -JANE: Oh, yeah. 1615 01:11:54,343 --> 01:11:56,211 CHRIS: Yeah, I, I feed these in my back yard, 1616 01:11:56,278 --> 01:11:57,880 but you might be feeding them in your back yard, too. 1617 01:11:57,946 --> 01:11:59,648 They're a very successful small carnivore, 1618 01:11:59,715 --> 01:12:02,151 in fact, the most successful small carnivore 1619 01:12:02,217 --> 01:12:03,719 that we have in the world. 1620 01:12:06,488 --> 01:12:08,357 -JANE: Wonderful. Well, look-- -CHRIS: Fantastic things. 1621 01:12:08,424 --> 01:12:09,425 JANE: Are we back at the studio? 1622 01:12:09,491 --> 01:12:11,760 Because we've got somebody we want you to meet. 1623 01:12:11,827 --> 01:12:14,763 -Look. It's Yoda. No, it's not. (laughs) -PHIL: "It's Yoda." 1624 01:12:14,830 --> 01:12:17,066 -JANE: How sweet. -CHRIS: Okay, so we've gone from red fox 1625 01:12:17,132 --> 01:12:18,701 to the smallest fox in the world. 1626 01:12:18,767 --> 01:12:22,338 This is an adult, fully adult fennec fox. 1627 01:12:22,404 --> 01:12:23,439 Just look at this. 1628 01:12:23,505 --> 01:12:24,940 Comes from North Africa. 1629 01:12:25,007 --> 01:12:26,508 Lives in desert areas. 1630 01:12:26,575 --> 01:12:28,444 -PHIL: Is it a baby or... -CHRIS: No. This is it. 1631 01:12:28,510 --> 01:12:31,480 This is fully adult. It's the smallest canid in the world 1632 01:12:31,547 --> 01:12:35,451 and has the largest ears in proportion to its body to any of those canids. 1633 01:12:35,517 --> 01:12:37,319 But, hey, Phil, look at some of the adaptations 1634 01:12:37,386 --> 01:12:38,554 it's got for desert lifestyle. 1635 01:12:38,620 --> 01:12:40,022 First, look at the bottom of its feet. What do you see? 1636 01:12:40,089 --> 01:12:41,323 PHIL: Very, very fluffy feet. 1637 01:12:41,390 --> 01:12:42,424 -CHRIS: Fluffy feet. -PHIL (off screen): Yeah. 1638 01:12:42,491 --> 01:12:44,626 CHRIS: So it can run across red-hot sand 1639 01:12:44,693 --> 01:12:46,028 without burning its toes. 1640 01:12:46,095 --> 01:12:47,329 PHIL: And sneak up on its prey? 1641 01:12:47,396 --> 01:12:49,998 CHRIS: And sneak up on its prey, which it listens for with these ears. 1642 01:12:50,065 --> 01:12:51,433 Very acute, of course. 1643 01:12:51,500 --> 01:12:53,469 Also use them for, for losing heat. 1644 01:12:53,535 --> 01:12:55,637 But, Jane, peer into the ear of the fennec fox. 1645 01:12:55,704 --> 01:12:57,573 -JANE: Very, very furry ears. -PHIL: Is that a trick? 1646 01:12:57,639 --> 01:12:58,774 (Jane laughs) 1647 01:12:58,841 --> 01:13:00,976 CHRIS: It has got very furry ears. 1648 01:13:01,043 --> 01:13:02,311 It's a burrowing animal. 1649 01:13:02,378 --> 01:13:06,382 They'll dig down to about a meter and then go 10 meters into the sand. 1650 01:13:06,448 --> 01:13:10,819 And if you're under the ground like that, you don't want lots of sand in your ears. 1651 01:13:10,886 --> 01:13:13,722 One of the unique things as well about that adaptation to desert lifestyle 1652 01:13:13,789 --> 01:13:16,392 is that they don't have to drink freestanding water. 1653 01:13:16,458 --> 01:13:18,627 They can get all of their water from their food 1654 01:13:18,694 --> 01:13:21,897 or, if not, if there's any condensation inside their burrow, 1655 01:13:21,964 --> 01:13:24,733 then they will lick the sides of the burrow to get moisture. 1656 01:13:24,800 --> 01:13:26,101 PHIL: So they don't need to drink? 1657 01:13:26,168 --> 01:13:27,136 -CHRIS: No. -JANE (off screen): Wow. That's great. 1658 01:13:27,202 --> 01:13:28,871 CHRIS: No drinking. Fantastic. 1659 01:13:28,937 --> 01:13:30,906 And I'll tell you what. It smells gorgeous. 1660 01:13:30,973 --> 01:13:33,342 Have a little sniff of that. Go on. It smells gorgeous. 1661 01:13:33,409 --> 01:13:35,010 PHIL: Actually, it really does smell good. 1662 01:13:35,077 --> 01:13:36,912 CHRIS: It smells lovely, doesn't it? 1663 01:13:36,979 --> 01:13:38,313 Oh. What a cutie. 1664 01:13:38,380 --> 01:13:40,015 PHIL: Do you love animals, Chris? 1665 01:13:40,082 --> 01:13:41,350 CHRIS: I very much love animals, Phil. 1666 01:13:41,417 --> 01:13:43,118 PHIL: I think we're getting that, yeah. 1667 01:13:43,185 --> 01:13:44,887 JANE: All right, while you're here, we have more questions 1668 01:13:44,953 --> 01:13:46,655 from hashtag #EarthLive. 1669 01:13:46,722 --> 01:13:48,257 And, Chris, here's your first one. 1670 01:13:48,323 --> 01:13:51,960 Trevor asks, "Do weaver ants communicate with each other 1671 01:13:52,027 --> 01:13:53,996 while they're building the home, and if so, how?" 1672 01:13:54,062 --> 01:13:56,331 CHRIS: Constantly. Constantly communicating. 1673 01:13:56,398 --> 01:13:59,268 And the way they communicate is using a chemical sense 1674 01:13:59,334 --> 01:14:01,537 that we like to think of it as a sense of smell, 1675 01:14:01,603 --> 01:14:03,605 but of course, they don't have noses. 1676 01:14:03,672 --> 01:14:06,508 And typically, they communicate by tapping their antennae together. 1677 01:14:06,575 --> 01:14:08,677 So they're constantly touching one another 1678 01:14:08,744 --> 01:14:10,746 and, and communicating with those chemicals. 1679 01:14:10,813 --> 01:14:13,215 JANE: Oh, that's wonderful. Well, let's go to Joy's question. 1680 01:14:13,282 --> 01:14:18,020 Joy asks, "How are hyenas able to eat wildebeest bones?" 1681 01:14:18,086 --> 01:14:19,922 CHRIS: Well, they have enormously powerful jaws. 1682 01:14:19,988 --> 01:14:22,191 We've been talking about the jaws of the bull shark. 1683 01:14:22,257 --> 01:14:25,961 1,340 pounds of pressure. 1684 01:14:26,028 --> 01:14:28,230 And we're gonna be looking at crocodiles obviously soon, 1685 01:14:28,297 --> 01:14:30,566 their bite pressure, but hyenas are right up there. 1686 01:14:30,632 --> 01:14:32,267 And they'll bite through to the center of the bone 1687 01:14:32,334 --> 01:14:33,268 to get the marrow out. 1688 01:14:33,335 --> 01:14:35,604 Really, really rich bone marrow. That's what they're after. 1689 01:14:35,671 --> 01:14:37,306 -JANE: Full of protein, right? -CHRIS: Full of protein. 1690 01:14:37,372 --> 01:14:39,541 Full of protein. Not to be wasted if you're a hyena. 1691 01:14:39,608 --> 01:14:42,811 JANE: Exactly. Well, I enjoy bone marrow at the restaurant. Quite good. 1692 01:14:42,878 --> 01:14:44,580 Well, thank you for all your questions and your comments. 1693 01:14:44,646 --> 01:14:48,217 Keep them coming using the hashtag #EarthLive. 1694 01:14:48,817 --> 01:14:50,486 PHIL: Well, I have a question for you. 1695 01:14:50,886 --> 01:14:53,522 What animal has the stronger bite? 1696 01:14:53,589 --> 01:14:55,157 A cackling hyena 1697 01:14:55,224 --> 01:14:58,694 or the killer saltwater crocodile? 1698 01:14:59,194 --> 01:15:00,829 We'll be right back with the answer. 1699 01:15:01,630 --> 01:15:02,831 This is Earth Live. 1700 01:15:14,910 --> 01:15:16,445 JANE (off screen): Welcome back to Earth Live, everyone, 1701 01:15:16,512 --> 01:15:17,713 on the best night of the year 1702 01:15:17,779 --> 01:15:21,350 to be looking at wildlife across the globe. 1703 01:15:21,416 --> 01:15:23,485 And as you can see on our beautiful wall back here, 1704 01:15:23,552 --> 01:15:25,921 look at all the locations where we've got our cameras. 1705 01:15:25,988 --> 01:15:27,956 Our cinematographers are in position. 1706 01:15:28,023 --> 01:15:29,691 Our live cameras are rolling, 1707 01:15:29,758 --> 01:15:31,426 and Phil Keoghan has something to say. 1708 01:15:31,493 --> 01:15:33,529 PHIL: I just came from looking at the monitors, 1709 01:15:33,595 --> 01:15:37,165 and apparently, we need to go back to Ethiopia for the hyenas. 1710 01:15:37,232 --> 01:15:38,800 We've got to get there back right now. 1711 01:15:38,867 --> 01:15:40,636 -JANE: Great, great. -PHIL: Bob Poole is there, 1712 01:15:40,702 --> 01:15:43,939 and, uh, hopefully, we are going to see something special. 1713 01:15:44,640 --> 01:15:47,075 (Abbas speaking foreign language, whistling) 1714 01:15:49,278 --> 01:15:50,445 PHIL: That is a brave man. 1715 01:15:50,512 --> 01:15:51,847 (Jane chuckles) 1716 01:16:08,564 --> 01:16:10,265 BOB: This is absolutely amazing. 1717 01:16:10,332 --> 01:16:12,401 I'm out here in total darkness. 1718 01:16:12,467 --> 01:16:14,136 You wouldn't even see this 1719 01:16:14,202 --> 01:16:16,204 if it wasn't for this amazing moonlight camera. 1720 01:16:16,271 --> 01:16:17,673 But look at these hyenas. 1721 01:16:17,739 --> 01:16:20,776 They're literally coming right up to me now, right up to my camera. 1722 01:16:20,842 --> 01:16:24,813 I've never had an opportunity to be this close to hyenas. 1723 01:16:26,148 --> 01:16:28,383 Look at the size of these things. 1724 01:16:28,450 --> 01:16:31,720 Look right there. It's just, it's just a big animal. 1725 01:16:32,254 --> 01:16:36,224 And what, what Abbas is doing here is, is not for fun. 1726 01:16:36,291 --> 01:16:40,128 This is an ancient tradition that they've done for-forever 1727 01:16:40,195 --> 01:16:41,863 to ward off evil spirits. 1728 01:16:41,930 --> 01:16:45,968 (Abbas speaking foreign language, whistling) 1729 01:16:46,501 --> 01:16:51,573 BOB: But for me, this is... this is just an amazing thing. 1730 01:16:51,640 --> 01:16:54,543 You know, I've loved hyenas all my life, 1731 01:16:54,610 --> 01:16:56,411 and to be able to spend time like this, 1732 01:16:56,478 --> 01:17:00,382 especially in such proximity with hyenas... 1733 01:17:03,185 --> 01:17:04,886 just an incredible thing. 1734 01:17:08,890 --> 01:17:11,026 -You know, I don't know... -(Abbas yelling) 1735 01:17:11,093 --> 01:17:13,528 BOB: ...but this has just been one of the greatest, 1736 01:17:13,595 --> 01:17:15,797 amazing privileges of my life 1737 01:17:15,864 --> 01:17:17,933 to be out like this with the hyenas. 1738 01:17:18,000 --> 01:17:19,534 Back to you, New York. 1739 01:17:19,601 --> 01:17:21,470 -PHIL: Oh, I love that. -JANE: Wonderful. 1740 01:17:23,138 --> 01:17:25,807 PHIL: I, I-- Jane, I don't know about you, 1741 01:17:25,874 --> 01:17:28,143 but boy, that would be really, really tough 1742 01:17:28,210 --> 01:17:30,379 to be there right now, don't you think? 1743 01:17:30,445 --> 01:17:32,881 JANE: I sure love hyenas, but I don't know I'd get that close. 1744 01:17:32,948 --> 01:17:34,049 -Sure. -PHIL: Oh, man. 1745 01:17:34,116 --> 01:17:35,117 JANE: Oh, my goodness. 1746 01:17:35,183 --> 01:17:37,386 PHIL: I think what we're gonna do is we are going to go, 1747 01:17:37,452 --> 01:17:39,588 and we want to share the planet with you. 1748 01:17:39,655 --> 01:17:42,290 You know, this is what I love about Earth Live, Jane, 1749 01:17:42,357 --> 01:17:43,492 is that we can just travel 1750 01:17:43,558 --> 01:17:44,726 around the world (snaps fingers) like that. 1751 01:17:44,793 --> 01:17:47,529 Normally, you've got to get on a plane, you got to take a long plane ride. 1752 01:17:47,596 --> 01:17:50,666 But we can go down under, we can go to Darwin, Australia. 1753 01:17:50,732 --> 01:17:52,367 We can go to a billabong, 1754 01:17:52,434 --> 01:17:54,503 -which is Aussie slang for stagnant water. -JANE: I know this. 1755 01:17:54,569 --> 01:17:56,872 -Stagnant-- A pool of water, of course. -PHIL: Yeah. Exactly. 1756 01:17:56,938 --> 01:18:00,208 And we have our cameras focused on a terrifying predator 1757 01:18:00,275 --> 01:18:02,444 with the most powerful jaws 1758 01:18:02,511 --> 01:18:04,813 ever measured in the animal kingdom. 1759 01:18:11,853 --> 01:18:13,555 Saltwater crocodiles. 1760 01:18:14,423 --> 01:18:16,591 These relics of the dinosaur era 1761 01:18:16,658 --> 01:18:20,095 strike fear into unsuspecting prey across the planet, 1762 01:18:20,696 --> 01:18:23,465 chomping their victims with lethal force. 1763 01:18:25,367 --> 01:18:27,402 In 2015 alone, 1764 01:18:27,469 --> 01:18:31,373 salties accounted for 55 recorded fatal attacks. 1765 01:18:32,340 --> 01:18:36,378 In Australia, these creatures lurk in the rivers and rule the billabongs 1766 01:18:36,445 --> 01:18:37,846 of the northern territories. 1767 01:18:38,246 --> 01:18:42,484 Their powerful mouths contain up to 68 strong teeth. 1768 01:18:43,251 --> 01:18:45,921 These modern-day giants of the reptile world can weigh 1769 01:18:45,987 --> 01:18:47,522 more than a ton. 1770 01:18:47,589 --> 01:18:49,057 How close do you want to get? 1771 01:18:53,962 --> 01:18:55,430 Well, we are going to get very close. 1772 01:18:55,497 --> 01:18:58,033 We're going live now to Northern Australia 1773 01:18:58,100 --> 01:19:00,402 where, Chris, apparently the crocs, 1774 01:19:00,469 --> 01:19:03,071 they've woken up and, and now we are going in 1775 01:19:03,138 --> 01:19:05,607 and we are going to measure the bite of a crocodile. 1776 01:19:05,674 --> 01:19:08,610 CHRIS: Yeah. This guy here has got a special tool 1777 01:19:08,677 --> 01:19:12,614 which will measure hopefully the bite force of these animals. 1778 01:19:12,681 --> 01:19:16,151 Now, he is going to actually have to behave like prey, 1779 01:19:16,218 --> 01:19:18,754 so going close to the edge of the water. 1780 01:19:18,820 --> 01:19:20,522 He is making the mistake 1781 01:19:20,589 --> 01:19:23,058 of treading in it with this machine. 1782 01:19:23,125 --> 01:19:24,126 MAN (off screen): Come on, Smaug. 1783 01:19:24,760 --> 01:19:27,629 CHRIS: And the crocodile, which is waiting under the water-- 1784 01:19:27,696 --> 01:19:29,397 Oh, it's missed it. It's missed it. 1785 01:19:29,464 --> 01:19:31,166 -Oh! -PHIL: Oh! 1786 01:19:31,233 --> 01:19:32,768 -CHRIS: Go on! -JANE: Oh! 1787 01:19:32,834 --> 01:19:34,836 -(laughing) Oh, my gosh! -CHRIS: No. 1788 01:19:35,670 --> 01:19:38,140 JANE: That is a brave guy. Oh, my goodness. 1789 01:19:38,206 --> 01:19:39,608 PHIL: You could say brave or you c-- 1790 01:19:39,674 --> 01:19:41,443 -JANE: O-or stupid? -PHIL: Yeah. 1791 01:19:41,510 --> 01:19:43,745 -I hope he's insured. -JANE: Yes. 1792 01:19:43,812 --> 01:19:46,081 CHRIS: What we were trying to do there is measure-- 1793 01:19:46,148 --> 01:19:48,283 Well, there's still a chance. Let's just, let's give it one more go 1794 01:19:48,350 --> 01:19:49,718 to see if the croc will take this. 1795 01:19:49,785 --> 01:19:52,087 -JANE: And that other guy... -CHRIS: It's got to bite the rubber loop, 1796 01:19:52,154 --> 01:19:53,955 and on the top, there is a gauge 1797 01:19:54,022 --> 01:19:57,859 that will tell us how many pounds per square inch 1798 01:19:57,926 --> 01:20:00,362 the crocodile's jaw will close at. 1799 01:20:00,428 --> 01:20:01,463 MAN: Can you see him? 1800 01:20:01,530 --> 01:20:03,398 PHIL: And this gentleman is actually 1801 01:20:03,465 --> 01:20:06,401 the world's leading crocodile biologist, I understand. 1802 01:20:06,468 --> 01:20:08,336 CHRIS: He is. Yeah, he is. 1803 01:20:08,970 --> 01:20:11,039 -Now, the world record-- -PHIL: This is tricky, Chris, right, 1804 01:20:11,106 --> 01:20:13,074 because you've got to measure the distance. 1805 01:20:13,141 --> 01:20:15,076 -CHRIS: Yeah. -MAN: Hooked up on his jaw. 1806 01:20:15,143 --> 01:20:16,578 I couldn't get it back in in time. 1807 01:20:16,645 --> 01:20:17,746 CHRIS: Okay. 1808 01:20:18,713 --> 01:20:20,816 I'm not sure we're going to get a bite there, 1809 01:20:20,882 --> 01:20:23,251 but I can tell you that the world record bite 1810 01:20:23,318 --> 01:20:28,857 was 3,869 pounds of pressure. 1811 01:20:28,924 --> 01:20:31,393 That's a bone-crushing bite. 1812 01:20:33,695 --> 01:20:35,363 If we get this, we-we'll come back 1813 01:20:35,430 --> 01:20:37,332 to get a measure for this particular animal. 1814 01:20:37,399 --> 01:20:40,535 But we're talking about the most powerful bite on the planet. 1815 01:20:40,602 --> 01:20:43,071 You know, if one of them gets hold of your leg, 1816 01:20:43,138 --> 01:20:44,773 those teeth are gonna sink in. 1817 01:20:44,840 --> 01:20:48,109 It is not going to break your bone. It's gonna powder the bone in your leg. 1818 01:20:48,176 --> 01:20:49,744 And then it's gonna hang on 1819 01:20:49,811 --> 01:20:52,314 because their tongue is fused to the bottom of their mouth. 1820 01:20:52,380 --> 01:20:53,548 They can't chew. 1821 01:20:53,615 --> 01:20:56,518 So what they do to dismember their prey is the death roll. 1822 01:20:56,585 --> 01:20:59,988 They go back into the water and spin round and round to dismember. 1823 01:21:00,055 --> 01:21:02,991 I mean, I got to tell you, you don't want to get eaten by a crocodile. 1824 01:21:03,058 --> 01:21:04,359 PHIL: And you don't want to get too close. 1825 01:21:04,426 --> 01:21:05,927 -JANE: No, no. -PHIL: Yeah. 1826 01:21:05,994 --> 01:21:07,195 PHIL: As much as we're doing all of this-- 1827 01:21:07,262 --> 01:21:08,797 JANE: Hopefully, it's a quick death, though. 1828 01:21:08,864 --> 01:21:10,398 Hopefully it's not something that lingers. 1829 01:21:10,465 --> 01:21:13,568 PHIL: We're gonna go back live in Oregon 1830 01:21:13,635 --> 01:21:15,437 or should I say high above Oregon? 1831 01:21:15,503 --> 01:21:16,738 -JANE: Well, you should. -PHIL: Yeah. 1832 01:21:16,805 --> 01:21:19,507 Widow is there, the golden eagle, also known as 1833 01:21:19,574 --> 01:21:22,477 the National Geographic cinematographer Widow, 1834 01:21:23,044 --> 01:21:25,614 and just look at the view that we're getting from-- 1835 01:21:25,680 --> 01:21:28,984 Well, hopefully, we'll get the shot from her point of view 1836 01:21:29,050 --> 01:21:31,019 which is absolutely extraordinary. 1837 01:21:31,720 --> 01:21:35,190 Right now, she is soaring, uh, well, quite a way off the ground there. 1838 01:21:35,257 --> 01:21:37,259 Not exactly, exactly sure how high, 1839 01:21:37,325 --> 01:21:41,296 but she has this six-foot wingspan, very light body. 1840 01:21:41,363 --> 01:21:42,631 There's the POV. Look at that. 1841 01:21:42,697 --> 01:21:44,532 JANE: There's the POV. Look at that. Yes. 1842 01:21:44,599 --> 01:21:46,201 She's trained to fly to the lure. 1843 01:21:46,268 --> 01:21:50,005 This is a method of hunting called a stoop, is that right? 1844 01:21:50,071 --> 01:21:51,973 PHIL: Yeah. Stooping, I guess, is when they dive, 1845 01:21:52,040 --> 01:21:54,876 and the speed's truly extraordinary. 1846 01:21:54,943 --> 01:21:58,013 Almost 200 miles an hour, which, uh... 1847 01:21:58,079 --> 01:22:00,181 Wow. I mean, 200 miles an hour. I, I don't-- 1848 01:22:00,248 --> 01:22:04,119 I feel like there's very few birds on Earth that go as fast as this, 1849 01:22:04,185 --> 01:22:06,621 and Widow is wearing an accelerometer, 1850 01:22:06,688 --> 01:22:11,026 and that allows scientists to see just how fast she can go. 1851 01:22:11,092 --> 01:22:12,227 It's awesome. 1852 01:22:12,294 --> 01:22:14,896 JANE: Oh, look who's coming. Speaking of awesome. 1853 01:22:14,963 --> 01:22:16,831 CHRIS: This is a male golden eagle. 1854 01:22:16,898 --> 01:22:18,500 Typically a bit smaller than the females. 1855 01:22:18,566 --> 01:22:20,268 Considerably smaller, actually. 1856 01:22:20,335 --> 01:22:21,770 But it gives us a sense of scale, 1857 01:22:21,836 --> 01:22:23,738 -just how big these birds are. -JANE (off screen): Yes. Yeah. 1858 01:22:23,805 --> 01:22:26,608 And if I'm gentle, I can get him to open his wings. 1859 01:22:26,675 --> 01:22:28,877 -JANE: Look at that wingspan. My goodness. -CHRIS: Yeah. 1860 01:22:28,944 --> 01:22:30,312 Look at that... 1861 01:22:30,378 --> 01:22:31,846 -Fantastic. -PHIL (off screen): Stunning. 1862 01:22:31,913 --> 01:22:33,615 JANE: Look at those talons, oh. 1863 01:22:33,682 --> 01:22:35,350 CHRIS: So it's not just a long wing. 1864 01:22:35,417 --> 01:22:37,085 It's a very broad wing as well. 1865 01:22:37,152 --> 01:22:39,087 It's about soaring, saving energy 1866 01:22:39,154 --> 01:22:40,555 as we have seen Widow doing there. 1867 01:22:40,622 --> 01:22:42,590 But as you mentioned, Phil, when they go into a stoop, 1868 01:22:42,657 --> 01:22:45,660 if they're chasing aerial prey, birds, stooping at those, 1869 01:22:45,727 --> 01:22:48,697 at least 150 miles per hour they're coming down. 1870 01:22:48,763 --> 01:22:49,764 PHIL: That's extraordinary. 1871 01:22:49,831 --> 01:22:51,700 And a couple of things I'm noticing. 1872 01:22:51,766 --> 01:22:53,234 -Very large eyes. -CHRIS (off screen): Yeah. 1873 01:22:53,301 --> 01:22:54,502 PHIL: And the beak. 1874 01:22:54,569 --> 01:22:57,539 But as Jane was saying, the talons or, 1875 01:22:57,605 --> 01:23:00,075 I was going to say claws, but the right word is talons. 1876 01:23:00,375 --> 01:23:02,277 -Massive. -CHRIS: Massive talons. 1877 01:23:02,344 --> 01:23:03,378 I mean, look at this one here. 1878 01:23:03,445 --> 01:23:04,980 The one at the front here, which is not the largest. 1879 01:23:05,046 --> 01:23:06,348 The one at the back you can't see is. 1880 01:23:06,414 --> 01:23:07,916 This one's over an inch and a half. 1881 01:23:07,983 --> 01:23:09,484 It's got obviously four on each foot. 1882 01:23:09,551 --> 01:23:11,052 That's like eight daggers. 1883 01:23:11,119 --> 01:23:13,421 When they grab their prey, they sink these in, 1884 01:23:13,488 --> 01:23:16,191 puncture its internal organs, suffocate it. 1885 01:23:16,257 --> 01:23:19,194 And the other thing is they've got tendons in their leg here 1886 01:23:19,260 --> 01:23:20,528 which are like ratchets. 1887 01:23:20,595 --> 01:23:22,297 So once they've locked onto their prey, 1888 01:23:22,364 --> 01:23:23,498 there's just no getting out. 1889 01:23:23,565 --> 01:23:25,367 -There's no getting away. -JANE: Yeah. 1890 01:23:25,433 --> 01:23:28,470 A very, very impressive bird and beautiful, too. 1891 01:23:28,536 --> 01:23:29,971 JANE: Gorgeous. Look at those eyes. 1892 01:23:30,038 --> 01:23:31,473 PHIL: And this is a rescue bird? 1893 01:23:31,539 --> 01:23:33,641 CHRIS: This is a rescue bird. You see the wing is slightly dropped on this side? 1894 01:23:33,708 --> 01:23:35,076 It's got a pin in it, 1895 01:23:35,143 --> 01:23:37,245 so this one won't be able to fly again. 1896 01:23:37,312 --> 01:23:39,714 It's an old bird. Twenty years old, this bird. 1897 01:23:39,781 --> 01:23:42,150 And of course, the benefit of having it in captivity 1898 01:23:42,217 --> 01:23:44,953 is that it can act as an ambassador for its kind. 1899 01:23:45,020 --> 01:23:47,422 In the United States, the golden eagles are doing quite well 1900 01:23:47,489 --> 01:23:48,623 as they are in Europe, too. 1901 01:23:48,690 --> 01:23:50,725 But in many other parts of the world, raptors are struggling. 1902 01:23:50,792 --> 01:23:52,093 So the more people that love them, 1903 01:23:52,160 --> 01:23:53,661 the more people will look after them. 1904 01:23:53,728 --> 01:23:55,130 PHIL: Chris, we love having you around 1905 01:23:55,196 --> 01:23:57,332 because you just know so much because believe me, 1906 01:23:57,399 --> 01:23:59,501 it would be a very different show if it was just Jane and I. 1907 01:23:59,567 --> 01:24:00,635 JANE: I know. For sure. 1908 01:24:00,702 --> 01:24:03,038 PHIL: The moon is lower in the sky over Kenya, 1909 01:24:03,104 --> 01:24:04,606 but we are going to go back. 1910 01:24:04,672 --> 01:24:06,808 Why? Well, it's just so beautiful there. 1911 01:24:06,875 --> 01:24:09,878 The Maasai Mara with the lions and other predators 1912 01:24:09,944 --> 01:24:12,981 and then, of course, there's the Australian weaver ants, 1913 01:24:13,048 --> 01:24:14,783 and they are racing against time. 1914 01:24:14,849 --> 01:24:18,420 We asked them to finish their home before the end of the show. 1915 01:24:18,486 --> 01:24:20,088 We'll see if they'll be able to do it. 1916 01:24:20,155 --> 01:24:21,656 This is Earth Live. 1917 01:24:36,704 --> 01:24:37,939 JANE: There's Widow, 1918 01:24:38,006 --> 01:24:40,909 soaring high above the Oregon high desert. 1919 01:24:40,975 --> 01:24:42,577 PHIL: We're back on Earth Live. 1920 01:24:42,644 --> 01:24:45,180 I think Widow's one of the better cinematographers tonight, 1921 01:24:45,246 --> 01:24:47,816 but we have seen some extraordinary things, 1922 01:24:47,882 --> 01:24:50,285 and we want to try to fit in as much as we can, Jane, 1923 01:24:50,351 --> 01:24:51,853 before the show ends. 1924 01:24:51,920 --> 01:24:53,822 JANE: The show is over, so we got to rock 'n' roll. 1925 01:24:53,888 --> 01:24:55,857 PHIL: What should we do right now? You want to go back to Australia? 1926 01:24:55,924 --> 01:24:57,325 JANE: Yeah. Let's go back to Queensland. 1927 01:24:57,392 --> 01:25:00,829 PHIL: Okay, Queensland, Australia, for the final episode of... 1928 01:25:00,895 --> 01:25:02,931 JANE: Extreme Makeover: Leaf Edition. 1929 01:25:02,997 --> 01:25:05,733 And check in on our industrious weaver ants. 1930 01:25:06,367 --> 01:25:07,869 CHRIS: They've been really busy, guys, 1931 01:25:07,936 --> 01:25:10,105 as you can see from this shot here. 1932 01:25:10,171 --> 01:25:13,174 They're drawing all of these leaves together. 1933 01:25:13,708 --> 01:25:16,311 And if you look carefully there. In fact, I can draw on the screen. 1934 01:25:16,377 --> 01:25:18,213 If you look down there in that area, 1935 01:25:18,279 --> 01:25:21,282 you can see some of the silk which they've produced 1936 01:25:21,349 --> 01:25:25,720 using their... larvae. 1937 01:25:26,187 --> 01:25:27,722 Just trying to see if there is any larva. 1938 01:25:27,789 --> 01:25:29,424 I can't see any larvae there at the moment. 1939 01:25:29,491 --> 01:25:32,827 Basically, they go into another nest when it's dark, 1940 01:25:32,894 --> 01:25:34,095 there are no predators about, 1941 01:25:34,162 --> 01:25:36,431 they carry the mature larvae over, 1942 01:25:36,498 --> 01:25:39,734 and they use these for sticking the leaves together. 1943 01:25:39,801 --> 01:25:40,935 They produce a silk. 1944 01:25:41,002 --> 01:25:44,405 Now, typically, animals produce a silk to produce the cocoon 1945 01:25:44,472 --> 01:25:46,341 so that they can pupate successfully. 1946 01:25:46,407 --> 01:25:48,510 In this species, they can't do that 1947 01:25:48,576 --> 01:25:50,545 because they're exhausted of all of their silk 1948 01:25:50,612 --> 01:25:51,980 that you can see here 1949 01:25:53,014 --> 01:25:55,183 before they get the chance to pupate. 1950 01:25:55,250 --> 01:25:57,886 So this is a special adaptation for these weavers. 1951 01:25:57,952 --> 01:25:59,387 PHIL: Beautiful cinematography. 1952 01:25:59,454 --> 01:26:00,488 JANE: Indeed. 1953 01:26:01,022 --> 01:26:02,957 CHRIS: And look at the little hole there on this side. 1954 01:26:03,024 --> 01:26:04,192 I think I can highlight that. 1955 01:26:04,259 --> 01:26:05,793 If you look at that area there, 1956 01:26:05,860 --> 01:26:08,630 you can see where they've made an entrance into their nest. 1957 01:26:09,998 --> 01:26:12,433 PHIL: How do they know what to do? 1958 01:26:12,500 --> 01:26:14,569 CHRIS: Well, they're constantly communicating 1959 01:26:14,636 --> 01:26:16,171 using a chemical sense. 1960 01:26:16,237 --> 01:26:17,906 They touch their antennae together. 1961 01:26:17,972 --> 01:26:19,541 I mean, ants might be small, 1962 01:26:19,607 --> 01:26:21,676 but they have remarkable little brains. 1963 01:26:21,743 --> 01:26:23,878 They will teach one another things, 1964 01:26:23,945 --> 01:26:26,681 so if one ant learns where there's food, 1965 01:26:26,748 --> 01:26:30,118 it will actually lead another ant to that food 1966 01:26:30,185 --> 01:26:32,720 and teach it the route from the nest to the food, 1967 01:26:32,787 --> 01:26:35,190 constantly waiting for it to catch up, 1968 01:26:35,256 --> 01:26:37,392 waiting for it to learn the direction from the sun. 1969 01:26:37,458 --> 01:26:39,761 They're clever little organisms, these things. 1970 01:26:39,827 --> 01:26:40,895 PHIL: Wow. 1971 01:26:40,962 --> 01:26:43,665 Well, our cameras are still live 1972 01:26:43,731 --> 01:26:46,701 in 17 countries on six continents. 1973 01:26:46,768 --> 01:26:49,170 We've seen some extraordinary things. 1974 01:26:49,237 --> 01:26:50,338 Have a look at this. 1975 01:26:53,141 --> 01:26:54,976 CHRIS: This is the Cayman Isles. 1976 01:26:55,043 --> 01:26:58,680 This is a boulder coral, and it's a cleaning station. 1977 01:26:58,746 --> 01:27:00,848 So, many of the reef fish will come here 1978 01:27:00,915 --> 01:27:02,750 to have parasites removed 1979 01:27:02,817 --> 01:27:05,620 by a species of wrasse, cleaner wrasse. 1980 01:27:05,687 --> 01:27:07,355 It's a win-win situation. 1981 01:27:07,422 --> 01:27:09,958 The visiting fish lose the parasites. 1982 01:27:10,024 --> 01:27:12,093 The cleaner wrasse gets food. 1983 01:27:12,160 --> 01:27:14,529 Here we are. This is at the bottom of the ocean. 1984 01:27:14,596 --> 01:27:15,964 I'm not sure how deep, 1985 01:27:16,030 --> 01:27:19,901 but this is from Robert Ballard's remote camera. 1986 01:27:19,968 --> 01:27:22,937 Extraordinary life that we see at the bottom of the seas here. 1987 01:27:23,004 --> 01:27:26,407 Very alien. Enormous pressure. Low temperatures. 1988 01:27:26,474 --> 01:27:29,177 Nothing like the sort of life you get on the surface. 1989 01:27:29,244 --> 01:27:31,446 In South Africa, something much more familiar to us, 1990 01:27:31,512 --> 01:27:32,747 much more popular. 1991 01:27:32,814 --> 01:27:34,882 This is the largest terrestrial animal 1992 01:27:34,949 --> 01:27:37,252 that we have at the moment, of course, African elephant 1993 01:27:37,318 --> 01:27:39,654 out there at a water hole this evening. 1994 01:27:40,421 --> 01:27:41,489 Beautiful sight. 1995 01:27:42,156 --> 01:27:44,792 And here in the United States, there's a red fox 1996 01:27:44,859 --> 01:27:46,995 just like the one we were watching in the UK. 1997 01:27:47,061 --> 01:27:49,197 As I said, the most successful small carnivore 1998 01:27:49,264 --> 01:27:51,766 that we have got on the planet found over a vast area 1999 01:27:51,833 --> 01:27:53,167 coming to this pool. 2000 01:27:53,801 --> 01:27:56,971 We have also seen raccoons coming to this pool as well. 2001 01:27:58,072 --> 01:28:01,342 A fantastic view of this lovely, little animal. 2002 01:28:02,143 --> 01:28:03,745 Great to be able to skip around the world 2003 01:28:03,811 --> 01:28:06,381 and see all these animals live in real time, 2004 01:28:06,447 --> 01:28:08,916 living different lives in different places, 2005 01:28:08,983 --> 01:28:10,551 but thankfully all prospering. 2006 01:28:10,618 --> 01:28:11,786 JANE: Indeed. Indeed. 2007 01:28:11,853 --> 01:28:13,988 -And I think we should go back to Alaska. -PHIL: Is that all right with you? 2008 01:28:14,055 --> 01:28:16,324 JANE: Yeah, let's do the SnotBot thing again. 2009 01:28:16,391 --> 01:28:17,959 PHIL: I just can't get enough of the SnotBot. 2010 01:28:18,026 --> 01:28:21,329 JANE: Yeah, that was successful right out of the box. 2011 01:28:21,396 --> 01:28:23,398 Just an amazing, amazing moment. 2012 01:28:23,464 --> 01:28:26,134 PHIL: This is earlier today, and there, you can see a humpback whale 2013 01:28:26,200 --> 01:28:28,503 coming the surface, blowing out air 2014 01:28:28,569 --> 01:28:30,071 through these, the two little-- 2015 01:28:30,138 --> 01:28:32,006 Would you call them blow pipes, Chris? 2016 01:28:32,073 --> 01:28:34,676 CHRIS: Yeah. Its nasal openings on the top there. 2017 01:28:34,742 --> 01:28:36,311 -It-its blow-- -JANE: There's two of them? 2018 01:28:36,377 --> 01:28:38,146 CHRIS: Yeah, there are two. In some species, one. 2019 01:28:38,212 --> 01:28:39,747 In this species, they have two. 2020 01:28:41,249 --> 01:28:43,217 PHIL: And we were trying to get our SnotBot. 2021 01:28:43,284 --> 01:28:45,153 Well, I should say Dr. Kerr and his team 2022 01:28:45,219 --> 01:28:49,691 were trying to get the SnotBot to go right through that big-- 2023 01:28:49,757 --> 01:28:52,794 What? Puff of, of watery air. 2024 01:28:52,860 --> 01:28:55,997 CHRIS: Yeah. Do you know what, Phil? I've been in one of these whale blows. 2025 01:28:56,064 --> 01:28:57,899 -It's not a pleasant experience. -(Jane chuckles) 2026 01:28:57,965 --> 01:28:59,467 CHRIS: It's like being showered 2027 01:28:59,534 --> 01:29:01,836 with a lot of greasy, boiled cabbage. 2028 01:29:01,903 --> 01:29:03,871 -PHIL: Doesn't sound good. -CHRIS: Stinks for the rest of the day. 2029 01:29:03,938 --> 01:29:05,740 But it's full of valuable material, 2030 01:29:05,807 --> 01:29:08,409 and what we are looking at here is a fantastic opportunity 2031 01:29:08,476 --> 01:29:11,346 to get, to get, um, data from these animals. 2032 01:29:11,412 --> 01:29:13,715 What we have also seen these humpbacks doing, though, is this. 2033 01:29:13,781 --> 01:29:15,983 This is called bubble netting. 2034 01:29:16,050 --> 01:29:18,386 So, the whales dive deep down, 2035 01:29:18,453 --> 01:29:21,689 and a collection of them make a spiral of bubbles 2036 01:29:21,756 --> 01:29:24,559 which encloses a collection of fish. 2037 01:29:24,625 --> 01:29:26,127 They then rise up 2038 01:29:26,194 --> 01:29:28,196 through the center of this spiral of bubbles, 2039 01:29:28,262 --> 01:29:30,732 which acts as a curtain hemming all the fish in 2040 01:29:30,798 --> 01:29:34,435 and take in enormous gulps of, of water. 2041 01:29:34,502 --> 01:29:36,204 -JANE: Ah! -CHRIS: But listen to this. 2042 01:29:36,270 --> 01:29:38,539 (humpback whales calling loudly) 2043 01:29:44,512 --> 01:29:47,715 This is sound as a weapon. 2044 01:29:48,483 --> 01:29:52,787 What the whale is doing here is using this in conjunction with the bubble net 2045 01:29:52,854 --> 01:29:56,224 to not only make a visual screen but a sonic screen 2046 01:29:56,290 --> 01:29:59,994 and also to disrupt an organ called the swim bladder in fish. 2047 01:30:00,061 --> 01:30:01,863 It's this that keeps them buoyant. 2048 01:30:01,929 --> 01:30:05,066 And what we think is that this unique sound 2049 01:30:05,133 --> 01:30:08,202 upsets them, makes them giddy, disorientates them, 2050 01:30:08,269 --> 01:30:11,272 and therefore makes them easier for the whales to catch. 2051 01:30:11,339 --> 01:30:14,675 And what's interesting is that it's only this one group 2052 01:30:14,742 --> 01:30:16,411 of whales off of Alaska 2053 01:30:16,477 --> 01:30:20,014 that produce these remarkable sounds and a beautiful sound, too. 2054 01:30:20,081 --> 01:30:21,549 Let's have one last listen. 2055 01:30:21,616 --> 01:30:25,119 (calling continues) 2056 01:30:28,055 --> 01:30:29,857 PHIL: Almost as nice a voice as yours, Jane. 2057 01:30:29,924 --> 01:30:31,459 JANE: Oh, well, thank you so much. 2058 01:30:31,526 --> 01:30:33,895 PHIL: You know, let's go back to Kenya 2059 01:30:33,961 --> 01:30:37,432 live again with Sophie Darlington and her lovely lion. 2060 01:30:37,498 --> 01:30:40,835 She's so passionate about these lions, 2061 01:30:40,902 --> 01:30:42,136 and we love to see it. 2062 01:31:05,827 --> 01:31:08,963 CHRIS: They have all gorged themselves on their mother's milk, 2063 01:31:09,030 --> 01:31:10,431 and they have fallen asleep 2064 01:31:10,498 --> 01:31:13,534 on her belly there in the moonshine 2065 01:31:13,601 --> 01:31:14,869 of the Maasai Mara. 2066 01:31:15,803 --> 01:31:19,073 SOPHIE (off screen): I've been filming lions for 25 years 2067 01:31:19,140 --> 01:31:23,010 and I've loved them for as long as I can remember. 2068 01:31:23,077 --> 01:31:26,514 And tonight has completely reminded me why. 2069 01:31:26,581 --> 01:31:28,749 I look down, and there they are. 2070 01:31:28,816 --> 01:31:30,585 They're so tender and beautiful, 2071 01:31:30,651 --> 01:31:33,454 these gorgeous little cubs that we've seen. 2072 01:31:33,521 --> 01:31:35,990 And lions, they go from funny to formidable 2073 01:31:36,057 --> 01:31:37,992 in just, like, a flick of an instant, 2074 01:31:38,059 --> 01:31:40,228 and it's been such a pleasure. 2075 01:31:40,795 --> 01:31:42,964 Thank you. Back to you in the studio. 2076 01:31:43,030 --> 01:31:44,432 -JANE: Aww. -CHRIS: Oh. 2077 01:31:44,499 --> 01:31:45,666 PHIL: I think I want to cry, Jane. 2078 01:31:45,733 --> 01:31:47,768 JANE: I know. That is just so beautiful. 2079 01:31:47,835 --> 01:31:50,037 -CHRIS: It's gorgeous. -PHIL: Oh, it really is lovely. 2080 01:31:50,771 --> 01:31:52,473 JANE: Oh, that. 2081 01:31:53,140 --> 01:31:55,343 PHIL: Could not have done that without the MoonCam. 2082 01:31:55,409 --> 01:31:57,311 Just wouldn't have been able to see them. 2083 01:31:58,946 --> 01:32:00,348 Well, you know what I think we should do? 2084 01:32:00,414 --> 01:32:03,017 Just get one more check-in with the wolverine in Finland 2085 01:32:03,084 --> 01:32:04,685 because it's so rare to see them. 2086 01:32:04,752 --> 01:32:07,622 So let's go back. Can we cut back to, to Finland? 2087 01:32:09,023 --> 01:32:10,458 CHRIS: Oh, look at that. 2088 01:32:11,592 --> 01:32:13,294 -PHIL: Lovely contrast, right? -CHRIS: Yeah. 2089 01:32:13,361 --> 01:32:15,129 JANE: And it's bright sunlight in Finland now. 2090 01:32:15,196 --> 01:32:16,964 -CHRIS: Yeah. -JANE: All day long, right? 2091 01:32:17,031 --> 01:32:18,132 CHRIS: All day long. All night long. 2092 01:32:18,199 --> 01:32:19,901 Doesn't get dark there at this time of year. 2093 01:32:19,967 --> 01:32:20,868 PHIL: What is he doing? 2094 01:32:20,935 --> 01:32:22,303 CHRIS: He's rooting around for food, 2095 01:32:22,370 --> 01:32:24,672 using that nose to find the food 2096 01:32:24,739 --> 01:32:26,207 that's out there in the woodland. 2097 01:32:26,274 --> 01:32:30,077 And you can see that very water repellent coat. 2098 01:32:30,144 --> 01:32:31,546 -PHIL: Guess what? -JANE: Bite test. 2099 01:32:31,612 --> 01:32:34,549 PHIL: They've got the bite with the crocodile in Australia. 2100 01:32:34,615 --> 01:32:36,317 -CHRIS: Yeah? -PHIL: Yeah. Let's check it out. 2101 01:32:39,353 --> 01:32:40,688 This is from earlier. 2102 01:32:41,322 --> 01:32:43,357 -JANE: Oh. -MAN (off screen): Get back. Get back. 2103 01:32:45,626 --> 01:32:46,928 PHIL: They were determined to get that bite. 2104 01:32:46,994 --> 01:32:48,596 -JANE: Oh, my gosh. -CHRIS: They've lost the stick. 2105 01:32:49,263 --> 01:32:51,599 They need to recover that with the device. 2106 01:32:54,602 --> 01:32:56,170 PHIL: Ugh! Okay. 2107 01:32:56,237 --> 01:32:58,439 Now, you mentioned how powerful the bite was? 2108 01:32:58,506 --> 01:33:01,242 CHRIS: Yeah. They measure it in pounds per square inch. 2109 01:33:01,309 --> 01:33:07,415 The record, 3,869 pounds of pressure in that jaw. 2110 01:33:07,481 --> 01:33:09,550 PHIL: Jane, could I pay you enough money 2111 01:33:09,617 --> 01:33:12,353 to stand next to a saltwater crocodile and measure the bite? 2112 01:33:12,420 --> 01:33:13,654 JANE: I'm so glad that they did 2113 01:33:13,721 --> 01:33:16,090 and that they did it for us live. 2114 01:33:18,292 --> 01:33:20,661 Well, this has been awe-inspiring and humbling 2115 01:33:20,728 --> 01:33:22,997 to get this close to all this wildlife. 2116 01:33:23,064 --> 01:33:24,231 Never before have I, 2117 01:33:24,298 --> 01:33:25,700 and I think I can speak for everybody here, 2118 01:33:25,766 --> 01:33:27,602 felt so connected with the animals 2119 01:33:27,668 --> 01:33:29,236 with whom we share this planet. 2120 01:33:29,303 --> 01:33:32,139 Now, we may not have seen all ten million species, 2121 01:33:32,206 --> 01:33:34,008 but hey, there's always next year. 2122 01:33:34,075 --> 01:33:36,444 Tonight, we did something I think has never been done before. 2123 01:33:36,510 --> 01:33:39,347 We brought you Earth live. 2124 01:33:39,413 --> 01:33:40,881 Thanks so much for watching. 2125 01:33:40,948 --> 01:33:43,084 It's been a once in a lifetime experience. 2126 01:33:43,150 --> 01:33:45,586 Wait. Maybe twice in a lifetime. What about next year, guys? 2127 01:33:45,653 --> 01:33:47,154 PHIL: I'd come ba-- I've got it in my calendar. 2128 01:33:47,221 --> 01:33:48,923 -JANE: Good. -CHRIS: I've had the time of my life. 2129 01:33:48,990 --> 01:33:51,292 -I'm happy to come back. -JANE: Well, there you have your answer. 2130 01:33:51,359 --> 01:33:52,727 Count me in, too. Goodnight, everybody. 2131 01:33:52,793 --> 01:33:54,328 -PHIL: Goodnight. -CHRIS: Goodnight. Goodnight. 2132 01:33:59,033 --> 01:34:01,035 Captioned by Point.360